PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian of North America		Ordovician of China			Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Precambrian of Russia	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Australia	Devonian of France
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Vokhmian										247.2
	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan						Vokhmian										251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian										254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Capitanian					Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian										259.51
				Wordian	Wordian					Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian										264.28
				Roadian	Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian										266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian	Leonardian	Cathedralian														273.01
				Kungurian		Hessian														281.9 *
				Artinskian		Hessian														283.5
				Artinskian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian														286.1 *
				Sakmarian		Lenoxian														290.1
				Asselian		Nealian														293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																298.9
				Kasimovian																303.7
				Moscovian																307
				Bashkirian																315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian																323.2
				Visean																330.9
				Tournaisian																346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian															Famennian	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian															Frasnian	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian															Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian															Couvinien	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian																393.3
				Pragian																407.6
				Pragian															Coblencien	408.2 *
				Lochkovian															Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli																	419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian																423
			Ludlow	Gorstian																425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian																427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian																430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian																433.4
				Aeronian																438.5
				Rhuddanian																440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †			Ashgill	Hirnantian							443.8
				Katian			Chientangkiangian						Rawtheyan							445.2
													Cautleyan							448.9 *
													Pusgillian							449.3 *
							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						Pusgillian							449.5
												Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †						449.6 *
													Cheneyan							451.5 *
													Burrellian							452.7 *
				Sandbian																453
														Actonian †						453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †					454.2 *
														Longvillian †						455.2 *
													Aurelucian	Longvillian †						456.8 *
													Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						457.4 *
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo				Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
								Guniu †/Hulo					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
								Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo											466.3 *
				Dapingian			Dapingian													467.3
				Dapingian			Dapingian					Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian			Yiyangian						Fennian							470
													Whitlandian							471.1 *
													Moridunian							474.3 *
				Tremadocian			Xinchangian					Tremadoc	Migneintian							477.7
									Lianghekou †				Migneintian							477.9 *
													Cressagian							480.8 *
																				485 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10													Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Datsonian		485.4
																		Payntonian		486.8 *
Sunwaptan											487.5							Payntonian
Sunwaptan				Jiangshanian							Iverian					489.5
Steptoean	493 *			Jiangshanian							Iverian
Steptoean	Paibian			Idamean							494
Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Marjumian	Albertian †							Mindyallan					497
	Guzhangian										Boomerangian					499
	Drumian										Undillan					500.5
	Drumian									Floran	503
	Wuliuan		Topazan							Templetonian	504.5
			Delamaran							Templetonian	506.5
										Ordian	507.8 *
Series 2	Stage 4			Waucoban †						Ordian	509
											510.8 *
			Dyeran		511 *
	Stage 3		Dyeran		514
			Montezuman		514.8 *
			Begadean		519.9 *
Terreneuvian	Stage 2				521
Terreneuvian	Fortunian				529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian											538.8
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian														720
		Tonian			Karatau											800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian			Karatau											1000
		Stenian			Yurmatian											1100
		Ectasian			Yurmatian											1200
		Ectasian			Burzyan											1375
																				1400