PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian Subages of Germany	Devonian of Germany	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of the Pamirs
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Buntsandstein						Dorashamian	251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	Buntsandstein						Dzhulfian	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Ohre/Aller						Midian	259.51
				Wordian	Leine						Midian	264.28
				Wordian	Leine						Murgabian	266.2 *
				Roadian							Murgabian	266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian							Kubergandian	273.01
				Kungurian							Bolorian	279.8
				Artinskian							Bolorian	283.5
				Artinskian							Yakhtashian	286
				Sakmarian							Sakmarian	290.1
				Asselian							Asselian	293.52
				Asselian					Kuzel		Asselian	297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel			298.9
									Stephanian	Stephanian C		300.3 *
										Stephanian B		300.9 *
										Stephanian A		301.4 *
				Kasimovian						Stephanian A		303.7
				Kasimovian						Cantabrian		305 *
				Moscovian						Cantabrian		307
									Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
										Westphalian C		309.8
										Westphalian B		314.6
				Bashkirian						Westphalian B		315.2
										Westphalian A		317 *
									Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
										Marsdenian		320.2 *
										Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
										Alportian		322 *
										Chokierian		323.1 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Chokierian		323.2
										Arnsbergian		324 *
										Pendleian		327.4 *
				Visean					Warnantian	Brigantian †		330.9
									Livian	Asbian †		336.3 *
									Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
				Tournaisian					Ivorian			346.7
				Tournaisian					Hastarian			353.7 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden						358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian		Adorf						372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian		Givetian						382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Eifelian						387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian		Emsian						393.3
				Pragian		Siegen						407.6
				Lochkovian		Gedinnine						410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
			Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
				Aeronian								438.5
				Rhuddanian								440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								443.8
				Katian								445.2
				Sandbian								453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian								467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian								470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian								477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								485.4
				Jiangshanian								489.5
				Paibian								494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian								497
Drumian	500.5
Wuliuan	504.5
Series 2	Stage 4		509
Series 2	Stage 3		514
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		521
Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †		Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †		Wonokan †	571.7 *
												635