International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 127969 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | Permian of Western Europe | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages | Devonian of Eastern North America | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | |||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Castlecliffian | 0.34 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Nukumaruan | 1.63 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Mangapanian | 2.4 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
| Waipipian | 3 | |||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Opoitian | 3.7 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | |||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||
| Lillburnian | 13.05 | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Clifdenian | 15.1 | |||||||||
| Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | ||||||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Otaian | 18.7 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | ||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Mata | Haumurian | Lancian/Edmontonian | 66 | ||||
| Campanian | Judithian/Aquilan | 72.1 | ||||||||
| Santonian | Piripauan | 83.6 | ||||||||
| Raukumara | Teratan | 86.1 | ||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Mangaotanean | 90.5 | |||||||||
| Arowhanan | 93.7 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Clarence | Ngaterian | 95.2 | ||||||||
| Motuan | 99.5 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Urutawan | 103.3 | |||||||||
| Taitai | Korangan | 108.4 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| 117.5 | ||||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | Vokhmian | 247.2 | |||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian | Zechstein | 254.14 | |||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian | Rotliegendes | 259.51 | ||||||
| Wordian | Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian | 264.28 | ||||||||
| Roadian | Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian | 266.9 | ||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||
| Artinskian | Autunian | 283.5 | ||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway | 358.9 | ||||||
| Frasnian | West Fallsian/Sonyean | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan | Cazenovian | 382.7 | ||||||
| Eifelian | Southwoodian | 387.7 | ||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Sawkillian/Deer Parkian | Helderbergian | 393.3 | ||||||
| Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||||
| Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||||
| 419.2 | ||||||||||