PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian of the Pamirs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				0
				Northgrippian				0.0042
				Greenlandian				0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				0.0117
				Chibanian				0.129
				Calabrian				0.774
				Gelasian				1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean				3.6
			Miocene	Messinian				5.333
				Tortonian				7.246
				Serravallian				11.63
				Langhian				13.82
				Burdigalian				15.98
				Aquitanian				20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian				27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian				33.9
				Bartonian				37.71
				Lutetian				41.2
				Ypresian				47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian				56
				Selandian				59.2
				Danian				61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				66
				Campanian				72.1
				Santonian				83.6
				Coniacian				86.3
				Turonian				89.8
				Cenomanian				93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian				100.5
				Aptian				113
				Barremian				121.4
				Hauterivian				125.77
				Valanginian				132.6
				Berriasian				139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
				Kimmeridgian				149.2
				Oxfordian				154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
				Bathonian				165.3
				Bajocian				168.2
				Aalenian				170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
				Pliensbachian				184.2
				Sinemurian				192.9
				Hettangian				199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
				Norian				208.5
				Carnian				227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Dorashamian	Melekhovian		251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	Dzhulfian			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Midian			259.51
				Wordian				264.28
						Noginskian		264.9 *
					Murgabian			266.2 *
				Roadian	Murgabian			266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kubergandian			273.01
					Kubergandian	Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
					Bolorian			279.8
Artinskian				283.5	Bolorian
				Yakhtashian	286
				Yakhtashian	Rusavkinian	287.6 *
Sakmarian				Sakmarian		290.1
Asselian				Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
			Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian	303.7
					Khamovnikian	304.8
					Krevyakinian	305.8 *
			Moscovian		Myachkovian	307
					Podolskian	308.9 *
					Kashirian	311.4 *
					Vereian	313.8
					Melekessian	314.8
			Bashkirian		Melekessian	315.2
					Cheremshanian	316.9 *
					Prikamian	318.6 *
					Severokeltmian	319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Voznesenian	321.9 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian	323.2
					Protvian	324.4 *
					Steshevian	326.8 *
					Tarusian	329 *
			Visean		Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
					Tulian	335.8 *
					Bobrikian	339.9 *
					Radaevkian	343.4 *
			Tournaisian		Kosvian	346.7
					Kizelian	350.7 *
					Cherepetian	351.9 *
					Karakubian	354.4 *
					Upinian	356.3 *
					Malevkian	357.6 *
					Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			Emsian	393.3
			Pragian			Siegen	407.6
			Lochkovian			Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli					419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
		Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
	Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	497
		Drumian	500.5
		Wuliuan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					538.8
		Cryogenian					635
		Tonian					720
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian					1000
		Ectasian					1200
		Calymmian					1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian					1600
		Orosirian					1800
		Rhyacian					2050
		Siderian					2300
Archean	Neoarchean						2500
	Mesoarchean						2800
	Paleoarchean						3200
	Eoarchean						3600
Hadean							4000
								4600