PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Australia	Ten Million Year Bins	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Permian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Yushean			2.58
		Zanclean					Yushean			3.6
		Zanclean					Baodean			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Tortonian					Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5	Tunggurian			11.63
		Langhian					Shanwangian			13.82
		Burdigalian					Shanwangian			15.98
		Burdigalian					Xiejiaan			16.9
		Aquitanian					Xiejiaan			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3				33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3				37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2				41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1				56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4				100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3				113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4				251.902
		Wuchiapingian								254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Tatarian	Vyatkian						256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Severodvinian				Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian		Urzhumian				Wordian		264.28
		Roadian	Kazanian	Povolzhian		Permian 3		Roadian		266.9
		Roadian	Kazanian	Sokian		Permian 3		Roadian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Permian 2	Leonardian		Cathedralian	273.01
				Filipovian					276.5 *
				Saraninian					280.1 *
				Saraninian				Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
				Irginian					285.9 *
				Irginian		Wolfcampian		Lenoxian	286.1 *
				Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian	Permian 1			Nealian	293.52
				Uskalykian					294.8
				Surenian					297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5				298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5				303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3				323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Datsonian		Cambrian 5		485.4
		Stage 10			Payntonian				486.8 *
		Jiangshanian			Iverian				489.5
		Paibian			Idamean				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Mindyallan		Cambrian 4		497
		Guzhangian			Boomerangian				499
		Drumian			Undillan				500.5
		Drumian			Floran				503
		Wuliuan			Templetonian		Cambrian 3		504.5
		Wuliuan			Ordian				507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Ordian				509
		Stage 4							510.8 *
		Stage 3					Cambrian 2		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Cambrian 2		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					Cambrian 1		529
										538.8