PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of the Russian Platform		Ordovician of Britain						Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian																11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																251.902
		Wuchiapingian										Longtanian †						254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Tatarian	Vyatkian								Longtanian †						256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Severodvinian														259.51
		Wordian		Urzhumian														264.28
		Roadian	Kazanian	Povolzhian														266.9
		Roadian	Kazanian	Sokian														270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian														273.01
				Filipovian														276.5 *
				Saraninian														280.1 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian														283.5
				Irginian														285.9 *
				Burtsevian														287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian														290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian														291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian														293.52
				Uskalykian														294.8
				Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
							Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
								440.7 *
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ashgill		Hirnantian		Kosovian	443.8
		Katian					Rawtheyan		Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
							Cautleyan				448.9 *
							Pusgillian				449.3 *
					Caradoc		Streffordian				Onnian †		449.6 *
							Streffordian		Berounian				449.7 *
							Cheneyan						451.5 *
							Burrellian						452.7 *
		Sandbian											453
											Actonian †		453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †			455.2 *
														Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Aurelucian									456.8 *
											Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
										Liben †	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn									458.4
									Dobrotivian							458.5 *
									Oretanian							459.7 *
							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									461.3 *
										Sarka †						461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †						467.3
									Arenigian							468
					Arenig		Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Fennian					470
							Whitlandian					471.1 *
							Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadoc		Migneintian		Tremadocian			477.7
					Tremadoc		Cressagian					480.8 *
												485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †				497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	504.5
																		509