International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | European Faunal Units | Devonian of France | Devonian of Germany | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||
Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | |||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||
Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||
Serravallian | Astaracian | 11.63 | ||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||
Burdigalian | Orleanian | 15.98 | ||||||
Agenian | 20 | |||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | ||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||
Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||
Aptian | 113 | |||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||
Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | ||||||
Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||
Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | ||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | ||||
180.1 | ||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||
Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | ||||||
Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | ||||||
Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | ||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||
Carnian | 227 | |||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||
Wuchiapingian | 254.14 | |||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | ||||||
Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||
Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||
Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||
Moscovian | 307 | |||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||||
Visean | 330.9 | |||||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Famennian | Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden | 358.9 | |||
Frasnian | Frasnian | Adorf | 372.2 | |||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Givetian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||
Eifelian | Couvinien | Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Emsian | 393.3 | |||||
Pragian | Siegen | 407.6 | ||||||
Coblencien | 408.2 * | |||||||
Lochkovian | Gedinnine | Gedinnine | 410.8 | |||||
419.2 |