International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages | Permian of the Salt Range | Obsolete Names for ICS Units | Carboniferous of North America | Devonian of Germany | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Tertiary † | 2.58 | ||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Lancian/Edmontonian | 66 | ||||||
| Campanian | Judithian/Aquilan | 72.1 | ||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Kathwai | 251.5 * | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||
| 252.4 * | ||||||||||
| Chhidru | 252.9 * | |||||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Longtanian † | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Kalabagh | 255 * | |||||||||
| Wargal | 256 * | |||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | ||||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| 265.3 * | ||||||||||
| Amb | 266.1 * | |||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| 270.7 * | ||||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | Bursumian † | 293.52 | ||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Virgilian | 298.9 | ||||||
| Kasimovian | Missourian | 303.7 | ||||||||
| Desmoinesian | 305.9 * | |||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
| Atokan | 312.7 * | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Morrowan | 318.4 * | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Chesterian | 323.2 | |||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
| Meramecian | 335.8 * | |||||||||
| Osagean | 343.1 * | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
| Kinderhookian | 351.9 * | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden | 358.9 | ||||||
| Frasnian | Adorf | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Givetian | 382.7 | |||||||
| Eifelian | Eifelian | 387.7 | ||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Emsian | 393.3 | |||||||
| Pragian | Siegen | 407.6 | ||||||||
| Lochkovian | Gedinnine | 410.8 | ||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | 443.8 | |||||||
| Katian | 445.2 | |||||||||
| Sandbian | 453 | |||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||||||
| Dapingian | 467.3 | |||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||
| Tremadocian | 477.7 | |||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | 485.4 | |||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Series 3 † | 497 | |||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
| Wuliuan | Stage 5 † | 504.5 | ||||||||
| 509 | ||||||||||