Hottentotsrivier Farm: Capitanian, South Africa
collected by D. M. S. Watson

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Anomodontia
Brachyprosopus broomi n. gen., n. sp. Olson 1937
Angielczyk et al. 2016 5 specimens
FMNH UC 1561, nearly complete but badly deformed skull (holotype). FMNH UC 1705, a mostly complete but crudely prepared articulated skull and mandible; FMNH PR 1770, serial sections and wax endocast models of the brain and bony labyrinth (‘Anomodont A’ of Olson, 1937); FMNH UR 2490, a mostly complete skull; FMNH UR 2513, an articulated skull and mandible missing the skull roof and the anterior end of the snout.
Tapinocephalidae
Moschops romeri n. sp. (Bryne 1937)
Boonstra 1969
unclassified
Gorgonopsia indet. Seeley 1894
Van Den Heever and Hopson 1982 1 specimen
FMNH PR 1188, partial skull, previously identified as 'therocephalian B'
Broomisaurus planiceps n. gen., n. sp. (Broom 1913)
1 specimen
AM 3752 (holotype)
Scylacognathus parvus n. gen., n. sp. Broom 1913
1 specimen
AM 3751 (holotype)
Reptilia
Pareiasaurus acutirostris n. sp. Broom 1913
Boonstra 1969
Bradysaurus baini (Seeley 1892)
Haughton and Boonstra 1929 1 specimen
SAM 3533 (not mentioned by Lee, 1997)
Brachypareia watsoni Haughton and Boonstra 1929
Boonstra 1969 1 specimen
"lower jaw"
Reptilia - Millerettidae
Broomia perplexa n. gen., n. sp. Watson 1914
Cisneros et al. 2008 1 specimen
BMNH R4065 (type)
see common names

Geography
Country:South Africa State/province:Western Cape County:Beaufort West
Coordinates: 32.4° South, 22.0° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:52.9° South, 27.7° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Permian Epoch: Guadalupian
Stage: Capitanian 10 m.y. bin: Permian 4
*Period:Middle - Late/Upper Permian - Late/Upper Permian
Key time interval: Capitanian Other zone:  Tapinocephalus Assemblage
Age range of interval: 264.28 - 259.51 m.y. ago
Age estimate: minimum 261.241 ± 0.088 Ma (U/Pb)
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Beaufort Formation:Abrahamskraal
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Kitching (1977, "Distribution of the Karroo Vertebrate Fauna") assigns this locality to the lower and middle Tapinocephalus Zone. Kammerer et al. (2015) and Angielczyk et al. (2016) list this locality as Tapinocephalus Zone, and the latter note that "Day (2013) suggested that strata on this farm likely fall in the stratigraphic interval between 2350 and 2450 m above the base of the Abrahamskraal Formation in this part of the Karoo Basin." Radioisotopic data constrains the likely age of the Tapinocephalus Zone to Capitanian (Rubidge et al. 2013).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: sandstone
Secondary lithology:red claystone
Lithology description: "fining-upward succession of sandstones and purple mudstones containing numerous thin chert bands and rich tetrapod faunas" (Catuneanu et al., 2005, J. Afr. Earth Sci. 43)
Environment:"floodplain" Tectonic setting:foreland basin
Geology comments: " [...] deposited mainly by overbank flooding of large meandering rivers of variable sinuosity, draining an extensive alluvial plain [...]" (Catuneanu et al., 2005)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,mold/impression
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:variable
Articulated whole bodies:none
Associated major elements:some
Disassociated major elements:some
Temporal resolution:snapshot
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:mechanical,peel or thin section,field collection,survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:BMNH,FMNH
Collectors:D. M. S. Watson
Collection method comments: AM: Albany Museum
Metadata
Also known as:Hottentots River, Hottentot's River
Database number:13004
Authorizer:C. Sidor, A. Dunhill, J. Mueller, R. Butler Enterer:C. Sidor, B. Allen, T. Liebrecht, R. Butler
Modifier:R. Butler Research group:vertebrate
Created:2002-01-15 13:35:07 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:2002-01-15 13:35:07
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
57891. R. Broom. 1913. On four new fossil reptiles from the Beaufort Series, South Africa. Records of the Albany Museum 2:397-401 [R. Butler/R. Butler]

Secondary references:

57977 K. D. Angielczyk, B. S. Rubidge, M. O. Day and F. Lin. 2016. A reevaluation of Brachyprosopus broomi and Chelydontops altidentalis, dicynodonts (Therapsida, Anomodontia) from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1078342 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
67683 L. D. Boonstra. 1969. The fauna of the Tapinocephalus Zone (Beaufort Beds of the Karoo). Annals of the South African Museum 56(1):1-73 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
30085 J. C. Cisneros, B. S. Rubidge, R. Mason and C. Dube. 2008. Analysis of millerettid parareptile relationships in the light of new material of Broomia perplexa Watson, 1914, from the Permian of South Africa. Journal of Systematic Paleontology 6(4):453-462 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]
31439 S. H. Haughton and L. D. Boonstra. 1929. Pareiasaurian studies. Part I. - An Attempt at a Classification of the Pareiasauria based on Skull Features. Annals of the South African Museum 28(1):79-87 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/T. Liebrecht]
57888 C. F. Kammerer, R. M. H. Smith, M. O. Day and B. S. Rubidge. 2015. New information on the morphology and stratigraphic range of the mid‐Permian gorgonopsian Eriphostoma microdon Broom, 1911. Papers in Palaeontology [R. Butler/R. Butler]
43185% 27240J. A. Van Den Heever and J. A. Hopson. 1982. The systematic position of 'Therocephalian B' (Reptilia: Therapsida). South African Journal of Science 78:424-425 [C. Sidor/C. Sidor/M. Carrano]
30086 D. M. S. Watson. 1914. Broomia perplexa, gen. et sp. n., a Fossil Reptile from South Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1914:995-1010 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/T. Liebrecht]