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Odobenus rosmarus (walrus)
Taxonomy
Phoca rosmarus was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. Its type specimen is none designated.
It was recombined as Trichechus rosmarus by Linnaeus (1766), Nilsson (1847), Gray (1850), Gray (1866), Vanden Broeck (1874), Lydekker (1885), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904) and Turner (1912); it was recombined as Rosmarus rosmarus by Gill (1866); it was recombined as Odobaenus rosmarus by Allen (1880); it was recombined as Odobenus rosmarus by Brisson (1762), Hay (1902), Thomas (1911), Hay (1930), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kardas (1965), Van Der Feen (1968), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Fay (1985), Riedman (1990), Harington and Beard (1992), Deméré (1994), Miller (1997), Deméré et al. (2003), Boessenecker and Churchill (2013), Cullen et al. (2014), Berta (2017), Magallanes et al. (2018), Berta (2018), Berta et al. (2018), Biewer et al. (2020) and Ponomarev et al. (2023).
It was recombined as Trichechus rosmarus by Linnaeus (1766), Nilsson (1847), Gray (1850), Gray (1866), Vanden Broeck (1874), Lydekker (1885), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904) and Turner (1912); it was recombined as Rosmarus rosmarus by Gill (1866); it was recombined as Odobaenus rosmarus by Allen (1880); it was recombined as Odobenus rosmarus by Brisson (1762), Hay (1902), Thomas (1911), Hay (1930), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kardas (1965), Van Der Feen (1968), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Fay (1985), Riedman (1990), Harington and Beard (1992), Deméré (1994), Miller (1997), Deméré et al. (2003), Boessenecker and Churchill (2013), Cullen et al. (2014), Berta (2017), Magallanes et al. (2018), Berta (2018), Berta et al. (2018), Biewer et al. (2020) and Ponomarev et al. (2023).
Subspecies
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Phoca rosmarus Linnaeus p. 38 |
| 1762 | Odobenus rosmarus Brisson p. 30 |
| 1766 | Trichechus rosmarus Linnaeus |
| 1772 | Phoca rosmarus Brunnich p. 34 |
| 1842 | Odobenus virginianus De Kay |
| 1842 | Trichechus virginianus Dekay p. 56 figs. Plate 19, Figs 1 a, b |
| 1847 | Trichechus rosmarus Nilsson p. 318 |
| 1850 | Trichechus rosmarus Gray p. 32 |
| 1858 | Odobenotherium lartetianum Gratiolet p. 624 |
| 1866 | Rosmarus rosmarus Gill p. 7 |
| 1866 | Trichechus rosmarus Gray p. 36 |
| 1869 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Cope p. 191 figs. Plate XI, Fig. 6 |
| 1869 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Leidy p. 440 |
| 1874 | Trichechus rosmarus Vanden Broeck p. 198 |
| 1880 | Odobaenus rosmarus Allen p. 147 |
| 1885 | Trichechus rosmarus Lydekker p. 197 |
| 1885 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Woodward p. 424 |
| 1898 | Trichechus rosmarus Trouessart p. 375 |
| 1898 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Trouessart p. 1006 |
| 1902 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Hay p. 583 |
| 1902 | Odobenus rosmarus Hay p. 784 |
| 1902 | Odobenus virginianus Hay p. 784 |
| 1903 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Rhoads p. 246 |
| 1904 | Trichechus rosmarus Trouessart p. 281 |
| 1904 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Trouessart p. 751 |
| 1911 | Odobenus rosmarus Thomas p. 134 |
| 1912 | Trichechus rosmarus Turner p. 163 |
| 1922 | Trichechus orientalis Dybowski p. 351 |
| 1922 | Odobenotherium virginianum Kellogg p. 104 |
| 1930 | Odobenus rosmarus Hay p. 559 |
| 1930 | Odobenus virginianus Hay p. 560 |
| 1930 | Hemicaulodon effodiens Hay p. 657 |
| 1963 | Odobenus rosmarus Scheffer and Rice p. 3 |
| 1965 | Odobenus rosmarus Kardas p. 376 |
| 1968 | Odobenus rosmarus Van Der Feen p. 24 |
| 1980 | Odobenus rosmarus Kurten and Anderson p. 200 |
| 1985 | Odobenus rosmarus Fay p. 1 |
| 1990 | Odobenus rosmarus Riedman p. 58 figs. Table 2 |
| 1992 | Odobenus rosmarus Harington and Beard p. 313 |
| 1994 | Odobenus rosmarus Deméré p. 121 |
| 1997 | Odobenus rosmarus Miller p. 2 |
| 2003 | Odobenus rosmarus Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
| 2013 | Odobenus rosmarus Boessenecker and Churchill p. 10 fig. 8 |
| 2014 | Odobenus rosmarus Cullen et al. p. 1471 figs. Figure 1 |
| 2017 | Odobenus rosmarus Berta p. 156 |
| 2018 | Odobenus rosmarus Berta p. 714 figs. Fig. 3 |
| 2018 | Odobenus rosmarus Berta et al. p. 217 figs. Fig. 6 |
| 2018 | Odobenus rosmarus Magallanes et al. p. 30 figs. Figure 14 |
| 2020 | Odobenus rosmarus Biewer et al. figs. Figure 2 |
| 2023 | Odobenus rosmarus Ponomarev et al. p. 672 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Odobenus rosmarus Linnaeus 1758 [walrus]
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Odobenus rosmarus divergens Illiger 1815
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Invalid names: Trichechus cookii Fremerij 1831 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hemicaulodon effodiens Cope 1869 [synonym], Odobenus virginianus De Kay 1842 [synonym], Trichechus orientalis Dybowski 1922 [synonym], Trichechus virginianus Dekay 1842 [synonym]
Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus Pallas 1811
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
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| Source: f = family, c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kohno et al. 1995, Carreño and Cronin 1993 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Quaternary to the top of the Holocene or 2.58000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Collections (151 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gelasian | Netherlands | Odobenus rosmarus (77634 77637 77640) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Odobenus rosmarus (235276) | |
| Pleistocene | Canada (Quebec) | Odobenus rosmarus (96823) | |
| Pleistocene | Belgium (Antwerpen) | Trichechus rosmarus (196940) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Hemicaulodon effodiens (57699) | |
| Pleistocene | Netherlands | Odobenus rosmarus (53898) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Odobenus rosmarus (65405 79745) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Odobenus rosmarus (107702) | |
| Pleistocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (199566 199567) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (96827 96828) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Odobenus rosmarus (96832) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (New Hampshire) | Odobenus rosmarus (104050) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Odobenus rosmarus (96829) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Maine) | Odobenus rosmarus (104048) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Odobenus rosmarus (96816 96818 96819 96820 96821 96822 96824 96825) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (North Carolina) | Odobenus rosmarus (104051) | |
| Quaternary | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (199564) | |
| Calabrian | Netherlands | Odobenus rosmarus (53897) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Odobenus rosmarus (52243 102046) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Odobenus rosmarus (84898) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Odobenus rosmarus (79746) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maine) | Odobenus rosmarus (104049) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Yukon) | Odobenus rosmarus (73691) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | North Atlantic | Odobenus rosmarus (73685 107643) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Alaska) | Odobenus rosmarus (81681 81682) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Russian Federation | Odobenus rosmarus (232663) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Odobenus rosmarus (73684) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greenland | Odobenus rosmarus (162544) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Labrador) | Odobenus rosmarus (197059) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Hokkaido) | Odobenus rosmarus (65401) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Prince Edward Island) | Odobenus rosmarus (73683) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Odobenus rosmarus (57705 57706 73485 73486 107640) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Quebec) | Odobenus rosmarus (81686) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Odobenus rosmarus (81687) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Germany | Odobenus rosmarus (82524 107956) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Odobenus rosmarus (73681 73682) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (73674 73675 73676 73678 73679 73680) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Odobenus rosmarus (81684 167938) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Odobenus rosmarus (81685) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Netherlands | Odobenus rosmarus (82530 227871) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | North Atlantic | Trichechus rosmarus (102954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Maine) | Odobenus rosmarus (104047) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (73677) | |
| Holocene | USA (Michigan) | Odobenus rosmarus (96878 221888) | |
| Holocene | Russian Federation | Odobenus rosmarus (81680 168608 175940 175941 175942 198858 198859 198861) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Odobenus rosmarus (122270 175980) | |
| Holocene | Russian Federation (Wrangel Island) | Odobenus rosmarus (198860) | |
| Holocene | USA (Alaska) | Odobenus rosmarus (90097 175943 175948 175950 175951 175952 175953 175954 175955 175956 176411 236013) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Odobenus rosmarus (73708 73709 160848 175964 175965 175966 175967 175973 175974 175975 175976 175977 175978 228756 228757 228765 228895 228896 228897 228898 228899 228919 228920 228928 229256 229484 229489) | |
| Holocene | Canada (New Brunswick) | Odobenus rosmarus (73673) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland) | Odobenus rosmarus (228844 228845) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Odobenus obesus (96830) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Yukon) | Odobenus rosmarus (96831) | |
| Holocene | USA (New York) | Odobenus rosmarus (220346 220457) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Odobenus rosmarus (51005 221772 228766 228861) | |
| Holocene | North Pacific | Odobenus rosmarus (227242) | |
| Holocene | Greenland | Odobenus rosmarus (160074 160075 160076 160077 162014 162545 175985 175995 227723 229885 229938 229939 229940 229942 229943 230120) |