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Rinconsaurus caudamirus

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Rinconsaurus caudamirus was named by Calvo and González Riga (2003). Its type specimen is MRS-Pv 26 and is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Cañadón Río Seco, which is in a Santonian fluvial-lacustrine sandstone in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation of Argentina.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2003Rinconsaurus caudamirus Calvo and González Riga pp. 336-337 figs. 2-3. Pl. 1-3
2004Rinconsaurus caudamirus Franco-Rosas et al. p. 332
2005Rinconsaurus caudamirus Campos et al. p. 569
2005Rinconsaurus caudamirus Kellner et al. p. 551
2006Rinconsaurus caudamirus Kellner et al. p. 3
2006Rinconsaurus caudamirus Santucci and Bertini p. 355
2007Rinconsaurus caudamirus Azevedo et al. p. 120
2007Rinconsaurus caudamirus Calvo et al. p. 487
2007Rinconsaurus caudamirus Casal et al. p. 57
2008Rinconsaurus caudamirus Filippi and Garrido p. 585
2008Rinconsaurus caudamirus Lopes and Buchmann p. 71
2008Rinconsaurus caudamirus Salgado and Carvalho p. 899
2009Rinconsaurus caudamirus González Riga et al. p. 140
2010Rinconsaurus caudamirus Calvo and Porfiri p. 101
2011Rinconsaurus caudamirus Martinelli et al. p. 37
2012Rinconsaurus caudamirus Díez Díaz et al. p. 266
2012Rinconsaurus caudamirus Filippi et al. p. R28
2012Rinconsaurus caudamirus Mannion and Otero p. 634
2013Rinconsaurus caudamirus Díez Díaz et al. p. 146
2014Rinconsaurus caudamirus González Riga and Ortiz David p. 12
2015Rinconsaurus caudamirus Filippi p. 22
2015Rinconsaurus caudamirus de Jesus Faria et al. p. 156
2016Rinconsaurus caudamirus Cruzado-Caballero et al. p. 54
2017Rinconsaurus caudamirus Gorscak et al. p. 6
2018Rinconsaurus caudamirus Cruzado-Caballero et al. p. 183
2019Rinconsaurus caudamirus Cruzado-Caballero et al. p. 212
2020Rinconsaurus caudamirus Páramo et al. p. 373
2021Rinconsaurus caudamirus Rigby et al. p. 17
2022Rinconsaurus caudamirus Navarro et al. p. 327
2022Rinconsaurus caudamirus Tomaselli et al. p. 14
2023Rinconsaurus caudamirus Pérez Moreno et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Saurischia()
—Sauropoda()
—Gravisauria
—Eusauropoda
—Neosauropoda
—Macronaria
—Titanosauriformes
—Titanosauria
—Colossosauria
—Rinconsauria
genusRinconsaurus
speciescaudamirus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Rinconsaurus caudamirus Calvo and González Riga 2003
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. O. Calvo and B. J. González Riga 2003slender titanosaurid characterized by the following association of autapomorphies: (1) neural spines in mid-anterior dorsal vertebrae inclined posteriorly more than 60 degrees with respect to the vertical; (2) middle caudal vertebrae with bony processes that support the articular facets of postzygapophyses; (3) procoelous posterior caudal centra with the eventual intercalation of a series of amphicoelous-biconvex or amphicoelous-opisthocoelous-biconvex centra. These autapomorphies are associated with the following combination of 'synapomorphic' characters: pencil-chisel-like teeth with wear facets sharply inclined; suboval teeth with labial and lingual faces well differentiated by crests; acuminate (eye-shaped) pleurocoels in dorsal vertebrae; absence of hyposphene-hypantrum articulation in dorsal vertebrae; prespinal lamina in dorsal vertebrae well developed until the base of the neural spine; centroparapophyseal lamina in posterior dorsal vertebrae; forked centrodiapophyseal lamina in posterior dorsal vertebrae; anterior and middle caudal centra strongly procoelous; neural arches in middle and posterior caudals placed anteriorly; coracoid of quadrangular shape; semilunar sternal plates; absence of phalangeal articular facets on the metacarpals; relatively short posterior process of ischium; slender and well developed iliac pedicel of ischium; expanded and laterodorsally directed preacetabular lamina of ilium; diapophyses in dorsal vertebrae with horizontal surfaces in their distal end; haemal arch articulations open proximally; femur with a lateral bulge below the greater trochanter.
J. O. Calvo et al. 2007neural spines in mid-anterior dorsal vertebrae inclined posteriorly more than 60 degree with respect to the vertical; anterior caudal vertebrae with bony processes that support the postzygapophyseal facets; accessory centroparapophyseal lamina extended from the base of the parapophysis to the base of centrodiapophyseal lamina in posterior dorsal vertebrae; procoelous posterior caudal centra with intercalation of a series of amphycoelous-biconvex centra.
A. Pérez Moreno et al. 2023Rinconsaurus can be diagnosed on the basis of the following autapomorphies (denoted with an asterisk) and a unique combination of characters not present in any other sauropod: (1) mid-anterior dorsal vertebrae with “stranded parapophyseal” lamina located between the PPDL and the PCDL*; (2) neural spines in mid-anterior dorsal vertebrae inclined posteriorly more than 60° with respect to the vertical; (3) posterior dorsal vertebrae without medial SPOL; (4) ratio between the height of the anterior articular surfaces and the posterior articular surfaces of the caudal vertebral centra <0.8 in anterior caudal vertebrae, between 0.8 and 0.9 in middle caudal vertebrae and !0.9 in posterior caudal vertebrae*; (5) ratio between the width of the ventral surface at the anterior border and its width at the midline in caudal vertebral centra: > 4 in the anterior, between 4 and 2 in the middle, and 2 in the posterior caudal vertebrae *; (6) middle caudal vertebrae with bony processes that dorsally support the articular facets of postzygapophyses; (7) procoelous posterior caudal vertebral centra with the eventual intercalation of a series of amphicoelous-biconvex or amphicoelous-opisthocoelous-biconvex centra.
Body mass estimates
estimateequationreference
 5.44 tons Sauropoda femur circumferenceAnderson et al. 1985
 2.77 tons Sauropoda humerus circumferenceAnderson et al. 1985
mean: 3.88 tons
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
femur circumference2340.0340.0340.0340.0-
femur diameter2140.0140.0140.0140.0-
humerus circumference1300.0----
humerus diameter1120.0----

Composition: hydroxyapatiteinfrao
Entire body: yesinfrao
Adult length: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult width: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult height: 10 to < 100infrao
Thickness: thickinfrao
Architecture: compact or denseinfrao
Form: sphericalinfrao
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partsinfrao
Grouping: gregariousinfrao
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobileinfrao
Life habit: ground dwellinginfrao
Diet: herbivoreinfrao
Reproduction: oviparousinfrao
Dispersal: direct/internalinfrao
Dispersal 2: mobileinfrao
Created: 2004-12-14 12:49:10
Modified: 2004-12-14 14:49:10
Source: infrao = infraorder
Reference: Marsh 1875

Age range: Middle Santonian or 85.70000 to 83.60000 Ma

Collections: one only


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Santonian85.7 - 83.6Argentina (Neuquén) Rinconsaurus caudamirus (type locality: 56157)