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Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis
Taxonomy
Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis was named by He et al. (1998). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Shibei, Hongshacun, which is in a Toarcian terrestrial mudstone in the Ziliujing Formation of China. It is the type species of Gongxianosaurus.
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1998 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis He et al. p. 1 |
| 2000 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Luo and Wang p. 133 |
| 2002 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Wilson p. 248 |
| 2004 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Upchurch et al. p. 261 |
| 2006 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Royo-Torres et al. fig. S4 |
| 2008 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Allain and Aquesbi p. 400 |
| 2010 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Bandyopadhyay et al. p. 536 |
| 2010 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Langer et al. p. 89 |
| 2013 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Tschopp and Mateus p. 323 |
| 2016 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Xing et al. p. 852 |
| 2020 | Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis Moro et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis He et al. 1998
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| X. He et al. 1998 | An early and primitive sauropod that is moderate to large in size with an estimated adult length of approximately 14 m. Premaxilla on the posterodorsal region has a well developed posterior process in addition to the anterodorsal process. Three to four
premaxillary teeth are present and mandibular dentition is relatively long with over 12 teeth in the sequence (estimated at 14-16). Dental morphology is typically spoon-shaped and lacks either anterior or posterior serrations. Lingual and labial surfaces have relatively thick longitudinal striations, lack attenuating folds, and the lingual surface lacks a medial ridge. Cervical vertebrae are amphiplatyan and simple in morphology with relatively small neural spines that are rectangular in lateral perspective. Cervical ribs are particularly short, being only two-thirds the centrum length. Dorsal vertebrae are amphiplatyan to very weakly amphicoelus, medially constricted, and maintain a simple rectangular neural spine that is longer than high. Diapophyses are nearly horizontal with two nearly parallel transversely extended ventral lamina or spines (resembling ventral diapophyseal plates) (Fig 2). Three fused sacral vertebrae are probably represented which are very slightly constricted with relatively narrow neural spines. The anterior sacral vertebra is amphiplatyan to amphicoelus, the internal structure of the centra is compact and lacks conspicuous honeycombed fabric, pleurocoels are absent, and supporting laminar structure is undeveloped. Anterior caudals are amphiplatyan with broad and plate-shaped neural spines that dorsally become slightly extended posteriorly, and there are extremely well developed diapophyses that are distinctly extended, broad anteroposteriorly, and thin dorsoventrally. None of the vertebrae in the caudal series has a bifurcated haemal arch (Fig. 3). The scapula is thin and plate-shaped with a broad distal end and strongly constricted medial shaft. Its anterior margin curves posteriorly in an arc. Scapula-coracoid contact is particularly straight and a coracoid foramen is not present. The sternal outline is an elongated oval. The humerus is typically sauropod in morphology with a relatively well developed deltopectoral crest. Ulna is 60% the length of the humerus, and the forelimb is 70-75% the length of the hindlimb (Fig. 4D). Pubic peduncle is particularly short and nearly equivalent in length to the ischiac peduncle. Iliac crest is appropriately high and conspicuously narrow posteriorly. Pubic shaft is broad and the anterior margins of the pubes are completely fused. Femur is relatively short but robust with a head that is not conspicuously set off from the shaft and a lesser trochanter is absent. Hindlimb is articulated with astragalus, calcaneum, and two distal metatarsi. Pes formula is 2,3,4,5,1 with ungual phalanges on digits I-IV. Digit and ungual morphology are typically sauropodomorph (Fig. 4B,C). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||