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Torosaurus latus

Reptilia - Ceratopsidae

Taxonomy
Torosaurus latus was named by Marsh (1891). Its type specimen is YPM 1830, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is north side, Lightning Creek, which is in a Maastrichtian terrestrial sandstone in the Lance Formation of Wyoming. It is the type species of Torosaurus.

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1891Torosaurus gladius Marsh pp. 266-267
1891Torosaurus latus Marsh p. 266
1896Torosaurus latus Marsh p. 214
1896Torosaurus gladius Marsh p. 215 fig. 54
1901Torosaurus gladius Nopcsa p. 217
1901Torosaurus latus Nopcsa p. 217
1902Torosaurus gladius Hay p. 499
1902Torosaurus latus Hay p. 499
1902Torosaurus gladius Lambe p. 66
1902Torosaurus latus Lambe p. 66
1905Torosaurus gladius Lambe p. 24
1907Torosaurus gladius Hatcher et al. p. 174
1907Torosaurus latus Hatcher et al. p. 174
1910Torosaurus latus Lull p. 772
1914Torosaurus gladius Lambe p. 131
1914Torosaurus latus Lambe p. 131
1914Torosaurus gladius Lambe p. 152
1915Torosaurus gladius Lambe p. 34
1920Torosaurus gladius Pompeckj p. 114
1920Torosaurus latus Pompeckj p. 116
1925Torosaurus latus Parks p. 5
1927Torosaurus gladius Huene p. 261
1927Torosaurus latus Huene p. 261
1930Torosaurus elatus Arldt p. 702
1930Torosaurus gladius Hay p. 225
1930Torosaurus latus Hay p. 226
1930Torosaurus gladius Russell p. 140
1930Torosaurus latus Russell p. 140
1933Torosaurus latus Lull p. 130
1933Torosaurus gladius Lull p. 132
1946Torosaurus gladius Gray p. 797
1946Torosaurus latus Gray p. 797
1947Torosaurus latus Colbert and Bump p. 103
1948Torosaurus latus Anonymous p. 91
1949Torosaurus gladius Lull and Gray p. 268
1949Torosaurus latus Lull and Gray p. 495
1949Torosaurus gladius Sternberg p. 42 fig. 1
1949Torosaurus latus Sternberg p. 42 fig. 1
1964Torosaurus latus Kuhn p. 59
1964Torosaurus latus Tatarinov p. 585
1964Torosaurus gladius Tatarinov p. 588
1965Torosaurus gladius Ostrom p. 39
1965Torosaurus latus Ostrom p. 39
1967Torosaurus gladius Charig p. 717
1967Torosaurus latus Charig p. 717
1970Torosaurus gladius Swinton p. 260
1976Torosaurus latus Lawson p. 163
1981Torosaurus latus Tyson p. 1247
1985Torosaurus latus Breithaupt p. 170
1986Torosaurus gladius Ostrom and Wellnhofer p. 118
1986Torosaurus latus Ostrom and Wellnhofer p. 118
1986Torosaurus latus Tokaryk p. 195
1990Torosaurus latus Dodson and Currie p. 612
1990Torosaurus latus Lehman p. 226
1994Torosaurus latus Derstler p. 133
1996Torosaurus latus Lehman p. 494
1997Torosaurus latus Ryan p. 391
1997Torosaurus latus Vickaryous and Ryan p. 491
2004Torosaurus latus Dodson et al. p. 496
2005Torosaurus latus Diem and Archibald p. 251
2005Torosaurus latus Sullivan et al. p. 568
2005Torosaurus latus Sullivan et al. p. 401
2007Torosaurus latus Farke p. 238
2008Torosaurus latus Hunt and Lehman p. 1129
2011Torosaurus latus Farke p. 1
2012Torosaurus latus Longrich and Field p. 9
2013Torosaurus latus Longrich p. 57
2014Torosaurus latus Longrich p. 303

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
RankNameAuthor
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Ornithischia()
—Genasauria
—Cerapoda
—Marginocephalia
—Ceratopsia()
familyCeratopsidae
subfamilyChasmosaurinae
—Triceratopsini
genusTorosaurus
specieslatus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Torosaurus latus Marsh 1891
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Invalid names: Torosaurus gladius Marsh 1891 [objective synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: gregariouso
Environment: terrestrialsubo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingsubo
Diet: herbivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2005-09-15 11:08:09
Modified: 2005-09-15 13:08:09
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Marsh 1875, Norman and Weishampel 1991

Age range: Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 70.60000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (7 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Torosaurus latus (45103)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Torosaurus latus (53128)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Torosaurus sp. (47130)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Saskatchewan) Ceratopsidae indet. (152402)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Colorado) Triceratops sp. (49536)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Torosaurus gladius (46135) Torosaurus latus (type locality: 46134)