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Gallimimus bullatus

Reptilia - Ornithomimidae

Taxonomy
Gallimimus bullatus was named by Osmólska et al. (1972). Its type specimen is G.I.No.DPS 100/10, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Tsagan Hushu, site 3 [PMPE], which is in a Maastrichtian terrestrial sandstone in the Nemegt Formation of Mongolia. It was considered monophyletic by Currie (2000).

It was recombined as Ornithomimus bullatus by Paul (1988).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1972Gallimimus bullatus Osmólska et al. pp. 105-107 figs. 1-18; Pl. 29-53
1977Gallimimus bullatus Gradzinski et al. p. 302
1977Gallimimus bullatus Perle p. 107
1977Gallimimus bullatus Rozhdestvensky p. 111
1980Gallimimus bullatus Molnar p. 134
1980Gallimimus bullatus Molnar and Pledge p. 286
1981Gallimimus bullatus Nicholls and Russell p. 524
1981Gallimimus bullatus Olshevsky p. 39
1983Gallimimus bullatus Barsbold p. 97
1984Gallimimus bullatus Kielan-Jaworowska p. 100
1985Gallimimus bullatus DeCourten and Russell p. 1097
1986Gallimimus bullatus Gauthier p. 10
1988Ornithomimus bullatus Paul p. 393
1992Gallimimus bullatus Currie p. 246
1992Gallimimus bullatus Sanz et al. p. 50
1995Gallimimus bullatus Pérez-Moreno and Sanz p. 115
1996Gallimimus bullatus Osmólska p. 29
1997Gallimimus bullatus Barsbold p. 447
1997Gallimimus bullatus Osmólska p. 472
1998Gallimimus bullatus Makovicky and Norell p. 2
2000Gallimimus bullatus Currie p. 446
2001Gallimimus bullatus Hurum p. 34
2001Gallimimus bullatus Matsuoka et al. p. 41
2003Gallimimus bullatus Ji et al. p. 16 fig. 12
2003Gallimimus bullatus Rauhut p. 38
2004Gallimimus bullatus Makovicky et al. p. 138
2005Gallimimus bullatus Kobayashi and Barsbold p. 120
2006Gallimimus bullatus Kobayashi and Barsbold p. 197
2007Gallimimus bullatus Turner et al. p. 24
2008Gallimimus bullatus Longrich p. 992
2009Gallimimus bullatus Bever and Norell p. 24
2009Gallimimus bullatus Buffetaut et al. p. 230
2009Gallimimus bullatus Turner et al. p. 11
2010Gallimimus bullatus Chiappe and Göhlich p. 285 fig. 21
2010Gallimimus bullatus Makovicky et al.
2011Gallimimus bullatus Bronowicz p. 477
2011Gallimimus bullatus Turner et al. p. 59
2011Gallimimus bullatus Xu et al. p. 213
2013Gallimimus bullatus Fernandes de Azevedo et al. p. 138
2013Gallimimus bullatus Poropat and Kear p. 107
2015Gallimimus bullatus Alifanov and Saveliev p. 636
2016Gallimimus bullatus Claessens and Loewen p. 11 fig. 10
2016Gallimimus bullatus McFeeters et al. p. 17
2016Gallimimus bullatus Serrano-Brañas et al. p. 49
2017Gallimimus bullatus Averianov et al. p. 199
2017Gallimimus bullatus Chinzorig et al. p. 5
2017Gallimimus bullatus Sereno p. 579
2019Gallimimus bullatus Senter and Sullivan p. 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptoriformes
—Arctometatarsalia
infraorderOrnithomimosauria
familyOrnithomimidae
genusGallimimus
speciesbullatus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Gallimimus bullatus Osmólska et al. 1972
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
H. Osmólska et al. 1972Species of large size, with very long snout, broad and flattened dorso- ventrally at the tip. Infratemporal fossa subtriangular, jugal being excluded from its borders. Common exit for third and fourth nerves merges with the optic fissure. Lower jaw shovel-like anteriorly, with elongated external mandibular fenestra. Length of presacral vertebral column equal combined length of femur, tibia-astragalus and thi rd metatarsal. Posterior width of anteriormost fifteen caudal centra greater than half of central length. Transition point I between caudals 15 and 16. Humerus longer than scapula. Manus equal about a quarter of total fore- limb length. Ungual of digit III shorter than the penultimate phalanx of digit I1I. Metatarsus more than 70 %of crural length ; metatarsal 11 equal 97 %of length of metatarsal IV. Pedal digit III equal a third of crural length.
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
femur circumference2123.7100.0153.0126.537.5
fibula circumference130.0----
tibia circumference2115.992.0146.0119.038.2

Composition: hydroxyapatiteinfrao
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10infrao
Adult width: 0.1 to < 1.0infrao
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10infrao
Thickness: thickinfrao
Architecture: compact or denseinfrao
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partsinfrao
Grouping: gregariousinfrao
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobileinfrao
Life habit: ground dwellinginfrao
Diet: herbivoreinfrao
Diet 2: omnivoreinfrao
Reproduction: oviparousinfrao
Dispersal: direct/internalinfrao
Dispersal 2: mobileinfrao
Created: 2005-08-24 13:17:58
Modified: 2005-08-24 15:17:58
Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder
References: Averianov and Yarkov 2004, Peczkis 1995

Age range: Maastrichtian or 72.20000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (14 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mongolia (Omnogov) Ornithomimidae indet. (37003 37020 type locality: 38704 180472 180474 180475 180679 180683 180701 180707 180709 180784 180785 180811)