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Celastrales

Angiospermae - Celastrales

Taxonomy
Celastrales was named by Link (1829).

It was assigned to Rosidae by Mabberley (2000); to Eudicots by Jud (2011); and to Fabid by The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1829Celastrales Link
2000Celastrales Mabberley
2011Celastrales Jud
2016Celastrales The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
—Rosids
RankNameAuthor
—Eurosids
—Fabid
orderCelastralesLink 1829
orderCelastralesLink 1829

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Celastrales Link 1829
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Fm. Celastraceae Brown 1814 [bittersweet]
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G. †Asterocelastrus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
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†Asterocelastrus cretaceous Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926
G. †Canticarpum Reid and Chandler 1933
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†Canticarpum celastroides Reid and Chandler 1933
G. †Cathispermum Reid and Chandler 1933
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†Cathispermum pulchrum Reid and Chandler 1933
G. †Celastrinanthium Conwentz 1886
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G. †Celastrinites Saporta 1865
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†Celastrinites ambiguus Lesquereux 1871
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Invalid names: Celastrinites laevigatus Lesquereux 1878 [synonym]
†Celastrinites artocarpidioides Lesquereux 1878
†Celastrinites elegans Lesquereux 1883
†Celastrinites venulosus Saporta 1865
G. †Celastrinoxylon Schenk 1888
G. †Celastrocarpus Berry 1930
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G. Celastrus Linnaeus 1753
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†Celastrus arctica Heer 1883
†Celastrus borealis Heer 1869
†Celastrus bruckmanni Braun 1851
Celastrus bullatus Linnaeus 1753
Celastrus buxifolius Linnaeus 1753
†Celastrus caducidentatus Liang and Zhou 2016
†Celastrus colignitica Berry 1916
†Celastrus confluens Knowlton 1902
†Celastrus culveri Knowlton 1899
†Celastrus curvinervis Ward 1885
†Celastrus dignatus Knowlton 1902
†Celastrus ellipticus Knowlton 1899
†Celastrus fernquisti Knowlton 1926
†Celastrus ferrugineus Ward 1885
†Celastrus fraxinifolius Lesquereux 1883
†Celastrus gaudini Lesquereux 1888
†Celastrus grewiopsis Ward 1885
†Celastrus haddeni Knowlton 1918
†Celastrus hesperius Knowlton 1918
†Celastrus inaequalis Knowlton 1899
†Celastrus lacoei Lesquereux 1883
†Celastrus lindgreni Knowlton 1898
†Celastrus minor Berry 1916
†Celastrus montanensis Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
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Invalid names: Celastrus alnifolius Ward 1885 [replaced]
Celastrus myrtifolius Linnaeus 1753
Celastrus ovatus Hill 1865
†Celastrus preangulata MacGinitie 1941
Celastrus pyracanthus Linnaeus 1753
Celastrus scandens Linnaeus 1753
†Celastrus serratus Knowlton 1918
†Celastrus taurinensis Ward 1885
†Celastrus veatchi Hollick 1899
†Celastrus wardii Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
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Invalid names: Celastrus ovatus Ward 1885 [replaced]
G. Elaeodendron von Jaquin 1782
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†Elaeodendron speciosum Lesquereux 1891
†Elaeodendron strictum Hollick 1906
G. †Elaeodendroxylon Platen 1908
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G. Euonymus Linnaeus 1753 [spindle tree]
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Euonymus americanus Linnaeus 1753
Euonymus europaeus Linnaeus 1753
†Euonymus flexifolius Lesquereux 1883
†Euonymus splendens Berry 1916
G. †Goupioxylon Schönfeld 1947
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†Goupioxylon stutzeri Schönfeld 1947
G. Gyminda Sargent 1891 [false box]
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†Gyminda primordialis Hollick 1906
G. †Gymnosporioxylon Lalitha and Prakash 1984
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†Gymnosporioxylon palaeoemarginatum Lalitha and Prakash 1984
G. †Lophopetalumoxylon Mehrotra et al. 1984
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†Lophopetalumoxylon indicum Mehrotra et al. 1984
G. Maytenus Molina 1782
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†Maytenus puryearensis Berry 1916
G. Mystroxylon Ecklon and Zeyher
G. †Pachystima Rafinesque 1818
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†Pachystima cretacea Berry 1914
†Pachystima integra Cockerell 1908
G. Perrottetia Kunth 1824
G. Reissantia Hallé 1958
G. Sarawakodendron Hou 1967
Invalid names: Perrottetioxylon Chitaley et al. 1971 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Lepidobotryaceae Leonard 1950 [empty], Stackhousiaceae Brown [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Campanian to the top of the Holocene or 83.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 72.1 Ma

Collections (85 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Celastrus taurinensis (34971)
Coniacian - Campanian89.8 - 72.1Canada (British Columbia) Celastrinites wardii (35207 35218 35219)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Carolina) Pachystima cretacea (210091)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Celastrus taurenensis (48224 48225 48231 48233 48234 48237 48239 48240 48241 48242 48243 48244 48245 48252 48259 48261 48267 48286 48293)
Paleogene66.0 - 23.03India (Madhya Pradesh) Lophopetalumoxylon indicum (227848)
Paleogene66.0 - 23.03India (Maharashtra) Perrottetioxylon mahurzari (224626)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Venezuela (Anzoategui) Maytenus anzoateguiensis, Maytenus trinitense (31247)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Oise) Celastraceae indet. (68174)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Texas) Euonymus glanduliferus (98211)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Colorado) Celastrus winchesteri (24417)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Miocene55.8 - 5.333Argentina Maytenus ellipticus, Maytenus latifolioides (32201)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Celastrus winchesteri (21389)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (California) Celastrus preangulata (23996 23997)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Wyoming) Celastrus culveri, Celastrus inaequalis, Celastrus ellipticus (24087) Elaeodendron polymorphum (24130 24147)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Celastrus typica (24209)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene37.2 - 28.4USA (Colorado) Celastrus typica (39837 39851)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Montana) Euonymus spp. (23793)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Middle Miocene28.4 - 11.608Argentina (Tierra del Fuego) Maytenus spp. (169381)
Miocene - Oligocene23.03 - 23.03USA (Montana) Euonymus pacificus (23975)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Washington) Celastrus spokanensis (103753)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Brazil (Bahia) Gyminda latifolioides, Maytenus dasycladoides (32009)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Cuba (Matanzas) Celastrus simplex (32044)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Argentina (Chubut) Maytenus latifolioides (32098)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Washington) Celastrus fernquisti (224391)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Montana) Celastrus typicus (23973)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Uganda Maytenus acuminatus (22344)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588South Africa Celastraceae indet. (22226)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Trinidad and Tobago Maytenus trinitense (34148)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97China (Shandong) Celastrus mioangulata, Euonymus protobungeanus (223803)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nevada) Pachystima nevadensis (27660)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Yunnan) Celastrus caducidentatus (224420)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Taiwan) Celastrus sp., Perrottetia miocenica (223908)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Brandenburg) Elaeodendron helveticum (27379) Euonymus victoriae (23041)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Kenya Celastraceae indet. (22311 22312) Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Mystroxylon sp. (22266) Mystroxylon sp. (22313 22315)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila) Goupioxylon stutzeri (186389)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Yunnan) Euonymus sp. (222695)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333India (Assam) Gymnosporioxylon palaeoemarginatum (224675)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588China (Jiangsu) Euonymus sp. (223932)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Australia (Queensland) Elaeodendron sp. (168888 168889 168893 168904 168918)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Uttarakhand) Celastraceae indet. (228809)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Rajasthan) Euonymus sp., Maytenus sp. (228789) Maytenus sp. (228785 228811 228812)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Tamil Nadu) Euonymus sp. (228848)
Middle Pleistocene - Holocene0.774 - 0.0Australia (Queensland) Elaeodendron sp. (168896)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Australia (Queensland) Elaeodendron sp. (168747 168749 168750 168751 168753)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0India (Tamil Nadu) Euonymus sp. (228788)