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Euhelopus zdanskyi

Reptilia

Taxonomy

Helopus zdanskyi was named by Wiman (1929). Its type specimen is PMU R233, 234, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Ningchiakou, Mengyin, which is in a Berriasian/Valanginian terrestrial sandstone/siltstone in the Mengyin Formation of China.

It was recombined as Euhelopus zdanskyi by Romer (1956), Tatarinov (1964), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970), Rozhdestvensky (1977), Ingavat and Taquet (1978), Rich et al. (1983), Mateer and McIntosh (1985), Zhao (1986), McIntosh (1990), Mcintosh et al. (1992), Martin et al. (1993), Russell and Zheng (1994), Mateer (1997), Buffetaut (1997), Dong (1998), Wilson and Sereno (1998), Martin-Rolland (1999), Wilson (2002), Buffetaut et al. (2002), Barrett et al. (2002), Santucci and Bertini (2003), Upchurch et al. (2004), Buffetaut et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2007), Barrett and Wang (2007), Rose (2007), Allain and Aquesbi (2008), Wilson and Upchurch (2009), Lü et al. (2009), Zhang et al. (2009), González Riga et al. (2009), Amiot et al. (2010), D'Emic (2012), Haluza et al. (2012), Xing et al. (2013), Suteethorn et al. (2013), Poropat (2013), Li et al. (2014), Mocho et al. (2014), Cerda et al. (2015), Borinder et al. (2016), Xing et al. (2018), Maisch and Matzke (2019), Tatehata et al. (2023).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1929	Helopus zdanskyi Wiman p. 6
1935	Helopus zdanskyi Young
1937	Helopus zdanskyi Young p. 3
1938	Helopus zdanskyi Wilfarth p. 273
1939	Helopus zdanskyi Gilmore p. 344
1939	Helopus zdanskyi Young p. 299
1947	Helopus zdanskyi Swinton p. 122
1953	Helopus zdanskyi Bohlin p. 43
1956	Euhelopus zdanskyi Romer p. 621
1958	Helopus zdanskyi Young p. 24
1964	Euhelopus zdanskyi Tatarinov p. 549
1970	Euhelopus zdanskyi Steel p. 71
1970	Euhelopus zdanskyi Swinton p. 174
1977	Euhelopus zdanskyi Rozhdestvensky p. 112
1978	Euhelopus zdanskyi Ingavat and Taquet pp. SP1-2
1983	Euhelopus zdanskyi Rich et al. p. 285
1985	Euhelopus zdanskyi Mateer and McIntosh p. 125
1986	Helopus zdanskyi Li et al. p. 132
1986	Euhelopus zdanskyi Zhao p. 68
1990	Euhelopus zdanskyi McIntosh p. 349
1992	Euhelopus zdanskyi Mcintosh et al. p. 164
1993	Euhelopus zdanskyi Martin et al. p. 422
1994	Euhelopus zdanskyi Russell and Zheng p. 2088
1997	Euhelopus zdanskyi Buffetaut p. 351
1997	Euhelopus zdanskyi Mateer p. 662
1998	Euhelopus zdanskyi Dong p. 81
1998	Euhelopus zdanskyi Wilson and Sereno p. 22
1999	Euhelopus zdanskyi Martin-Rolland p. 301
2002	Euhelopus zdanskyi Barrett et al. p. 1208
2002	Euhelopus zdanskyi Buffetaut et al. p. 99
2002	Euhelopus zdanskyi Wilson pp. 273-274
2003	Euhelopus zdanskyi Santucci and Bertini p. 253
2004	Euhelopus zdanskyi Upchurch et al. p. 262
2006	Euhelopus zdanskyi Buffetaut et al. p. 25
2007	Euhelopus zdanskyi Barrett and Wang p. 268
2007	Euhelopus zdanskyi Rose p. 39
2007	Euhelopus zdanskyi Wang et al. p. 914
2008	Euhelopus zdanskyi Allain and Aquesbi p. 400
2009	Euhelopus zdanskyi González Riga et al. p. 141
2009	Euhelopus zdanskyi Lü et al. p. 51
2009	Euhelopus zdanskyi Wilson and Upchurch p. 205
2009	Euhelopus zdanskyi Zhang et al. p. 220
2010	Euhelopus zdanskyi Amiot et al. p. 352
2012	Euhelopus zdanskyi D'Emic
2012	Euhelopus zdanskyi Haluza et al. p. 223
2013	Euhelopus zdanskyi Poropat p. 104
2013	Euhelopus zdanskyi Suteethorn et al. p. 461
2013	Euhelopus zdanskyi Xing et al. p. 128
2013	Helopus zdanskyi Yang et al. p. 275
2014	Euhelopus zdanskyi Li et al. p. 1
2014	Euhelopus zdanskyi Mocho et al.
2015	Euhelopus zdanskyi Cerda et al. p. 14
2016	Euhelopus zdanskyi Borinder et al. p. 62
2018	Euhelopus zdanskyi Xing et al. p. 597
2019	Euhelopus zdanskyi Maisch and Matzke p. 111
2023	Euhelopus zdanskyi Tatehata et al. p. 355

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Saurischia	()
—	Sauropoda	()
—	Gravisauria
—	Eusauropoda
—	Neosauropoda
—	Macronaria
—	Titanosauriformes
—	Somphospondyli
—	Euhelopodidae	()
genus	Euhelopus
species	zdanskyi	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Euhelopus zdanskyi Wiman 1929

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Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
J. A. Wilson and P. Upchurch 2009	Procumbent teeth with asymmetrical crown-root margin (i.e. the mesial margin is closer to the apex of the crown) and well developed crown buttresses on mesiolingual crown surface, axis with postspinous fossa containing three coels, cervical 3 neural spine with laterally compressed, anteriorly projecting triangular process, postaxial cervical vertebrae with variably developed epipophyses and more subtle ‘pre-epipopophyses’ below the prezygapophyses, cervical neural arches with epipophyseal-prezygapophyseal lamina separating two pneumatocoels, cervical pleurocentral openings reduced to foramina, cervical neural spines reduced anteroposteriorly and dorsoventrally, anterior cervical vertebrae with three costal spurs on tuberculum and capitulum, middle cervical ribs hang well below centrum margin due to elongate parapophyses and capitula, presacral neural spines 11–30 divided, presacral neural spines 16–21 “trifid” with median tubercle as large or larger than metapophyses, middle and posterior dorsal parapophyseal and diapophyseal laminae cross to form “K” configuration, presacral pneumaticity extending into the ilium.

Measurements

part	N	mean
humerus diameter	1	363.0

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteinfrao

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100infrao

Adult width:

10 to < 100infrao

Adult height:

10 to < 100infrao

Thickness:

thickinfrao

Architecture:

compact or denseinfrao

Form:

sphericalinfrao

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partsinfrao

Grouping:

gregariousinfrao

Environment:

terrestrialinfrao

Locomotion:

actively mobileinfrao

Life habit:

ground dwellinginfrao

Diet:

herbivoreinfrao

Reproduction:

oviparousinfrao

Dispersal:

direct/internalinfrao

Dispersal 2:

mobileinfrao

Created:

2005-08-24 13:39:04

Modified:

2005-08-24 15:39:04

Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder

References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Berriasian to the top of the Valanginian or 143.10000 to 132.60000 Ma

Collections (2 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Berriasian - Valanginian	143.1 - 132.6	China (Shandong)	Dinosauria indet. (type locality: 47070 62326)