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Megalosauri (disused)

Reptilia - Megalosauri

Taxonomy
Megalosauri was named by Fitzinger (1843). Its type is Megalosaurus.

It was corrected as Megalosaurinidae by d'Orbigny (1849); it was reranked as the unranked clade Megalosauridae by Bonaparte (1850); it was reranked as the order Megalosauridae by Gardiner (1982); it was misspelled as Megalosaurinidae by Hanson and Makovicky (2013); it was corrected as Megalosauridae by Gervais (1853), Huxley (1870), Cope (1871), Cope (1875), Sauvage (1882), Marsh (1882), Cope (1883), Vetter (1884), Dollo (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1885), Lydekker (1888), Cope (1889), Zittel (1890), Marsh (1890), Baur (1891), Cope (1891), Lydekker (1893), Sauvage (1895), Marsh (1895), Marsh (1896), Sauvage (1898), Cope (1898), Van Den Broeck (1900), Sauvage (1900), Nopcsa (1901), Mansel-Pleydell (1902), Hay (1902), Lambe (1905), Arldt (1909), Huene (1909), von Zittel (1911), Tornier (1913), Jaekel (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Matthew (1915), Gilmore (1919), Matthew and Brown (1922), Nopcsa (1923), Huene (1923), Lull (1924), Huene (1926), Huene (1926), Huene (1927), Nopcsa (1928), Huene (1929), Hay (1930), Rama Rao (1932), Stromer (1934), Stromer (1934), Swinton (1936), Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1946), Huene (1948), Romer (1956), Delair (1960), Lapparent (1960), Parsch (1963), Tatarinov (1964), Estes (1964), Hu (1964), Walker (1964), Colbert (1964), Kuhn (1966), del Corro (1966), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Maleev (1968), Colbert and Russell (1969), Reig (1970), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970), Waldman (1974), Hou et al. (1975), Barsbold (1976), Barsbold (1977), Galton (1977), Bonaparte (1978), Dong et al. (1978), Madsen and Miller (1979), Galton and Jensen (1979), Bonaparte (1980), Ostrom (1980), McIntosh (1981), Santafé et al. (1982), Dong et al. (1983), Barsbold (1983), Dong (1984), Russell (1984), Dong and Tang (1985), Buscalioni and Sanz (1987), Paul (1988), Carroll (1988), Kurzanov (1989), Novas (1992), Dong (1992), Currie and Zhao (1994), Holtz (1996), Holtz et al. (2004), Allain (2005), Chure et al. (2006), Benson (2008), Carrano et al. (2012), Hendrickx and Mateus (2014), Rauhut et al. (2016).

It was assigned to Loricata by Fitzinger (1843); to Dinosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); to Sauria by d'Orbigny (1849), Gervais (1853); to Dinosauria by Huxley (1870); to Plateosauria by Tornier (1913); to Pachypodosauria by Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914); to Therophagi by Jaekel (1914); to Goniopoda by Cope (1871), Cope (1875), Cope (1883), Matthew and Brown (1922); to Megalosauria by Baur (1891), Nopcsa (1923); to Carnosauria by Huene (1927); to Megalosauroidae by Hay (1930); to Carnosauria by Kuhn (1946), Parsch (1963); to Deinodontoidea by Tatarinov (1964); to Megalosauroidea by Nopcsa (1928), Walker (1964); to Saurischia by Cope (1889), Cope (1891), Cope (1898), Arldt (1909), Huene (1909), Madsen and Miller (1979); to Dinosauria by Gardiner (1982); to Intertheropoda by Paul (1988); to Theropoda by Sauvage (1882), Marsh (1882), Vetter (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1885), Lydekker (1888), Marsh (1890), Lydekker (1893), Marsh (1895), Marsh (1896), von Zittel (1911), Gilmore (1919), Stromer (1934), Swinton (1936), Galton (1977), Carroll (1988), Novas (1992); to Carnosauria by Huene (1923), Huene (1926), Huene (1926), Huene (1929), Stromer (1934), Roxo (1937), Huene (1948), Romer (1956), Delair (1960), Lapparent (1960), Estes (1964), Hu (1964), Colbert (1964), del Corro (1966), Romer (1966), Colbert and Russell (1969), Reig (1970), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970), Waldman (1974), Hou et al. (1975), Barsbold (1976), Barsbold (1977), Bonaparte (1978), Dong et al. (1978), Galton and Jensen (1979), Bonaparte (1980), Ostrom (1980), Santafé et al. (1982), Dong et al. (1983), Barsbold (1983), Dong (1984), Russell (1984), Dong and Tang (1985), Buscalioni and Sanz (1987), Kurzanov (1989), Dong (1992); to Carnosauria by Currie and Zhao (1994); to Tetanurae by Holtz (1996); to Theropoda by Dollo (1884), Zittel (1890), Sauvage (1895), Sauvage (1898), Van Den Broeck (1900), Sauvage (1900), Nopcsa (1901), Mansel-Pleydell (1902), Hay (1902), Lambe (1905), Matthew (1915), Lull (1924), Rama Rao (1932), McIntosh (1981), Chure et al. (2006); to Spinosauroidea by Holtz et al. (2004), Allain (2005), Benson (2008); to Megalosauria by Carrano et al. (2012); and to Megalosauroidea by Kuhn (1966), Charig (1967), Maleev (1968), Hanson and Makovicky (2013), Hendrickx and Mateus (2014), Rauhut et al. (2016).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1843Megalosauri Fitzinger p. 35
1849Megalosaurinidae d'Orbigny p. 206
1850Megalosauridae Bonaparte p. 1
1853Megalosauridae Gervais p. 471
1870Megalosauridae Huxley p. 34
1871Megalosauridae Cope p. 234
1875Megalosauridae Cope p. 13
1882Megalosauridae Marsh
1882Megalosauridae Sauvage p. 35
1883Megalosauridae Cope p. 99
1884Megalosauridae Dollo p. 298
1884Megalosauridae Marsh p. 69
1884Megalosauridae Vetter p. 363
1885Megalosauridae Lydekker p. 37
1885Megalosauridae Marsh p. 764
1888Megalosauridae Lydekker p. 157
1889Megalosauridae Cope p. 16
1890Megalosauridae Marsh p. 424
1890Megalosauridae Zittel p. 722
1891Megalosauridae Baur p. 450
1891Megalosauridae Cope p. 43
1893Megalosauridae Lydekker p. 286
1895Megalosauridae Marsh
1895Megalosauridae Sauvage p. 470
1896Megalosauridae Marsh p. 239
1898Megalosauridae Cope p. 68
1898Megalosauridae Sauvage p. 8
1900Megalosauridae Sauvage p. 417
1900Megalosauridae Van Den Broeck p. 83
1901Megalosauridae Nopcsa p. 195
1902Megalosauridae Hay p. 487
1902Megalosauridae Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxv
1905Megalosauridae Lambe p. 48
1909Megalosauridae Arldt p. 262
1909Megalosauridae Huene p. 15
1911Megalosauridae von Zittel p. 281
1913Megalosauridae Tornier p. 368
1914Megalosauridae Huene p. 38
1914Megalosauridae Jaekel p. 197
1915Megalosauridae Matthew p. 32
1919Megalosauridae Gilmore p. 67
1922Megalosauridae Matthew and Brown p. 380
1923Megalosauridae Huene p. 457
1923Megalosauridae Nopcsa p. 126
1924Megalosauridae Lull p. 229
1926Megalosauridae Huene pp. 87-89
1927Megalosauridae Huene p. 267
1928Megalosauridae Nopcsa p. 183
1929Megalosauridae Huene p. 270
1930Megalosauridae Hay p. 173
1932Erectopodidae Huene
1932Megalosauridae Rama Rao p. 224
1934Megalosauridae Stromer p. 41
1934Erectopodidae Stromer p. 80
1934Megalosauridae Stromer p. 80
1936Megalosauridae Swinton p. 208
1937Megalosauridae Roxo p. 65
1946Erectopodidae Kuhn p. 65
1946Megalosauridae Kuhn p. 65
1948Bahariasauridae Huene p. 90
1948Erectopodidae Huene p. 90
1948Megalosauridae Huene p. 90
1956Megalosauridae Romer p. 615
1960Megalosauridae Delair p. 76
1960Megalosauridae Lapparent p. 26
1963Megalosauridae Parsch p. 4
1964Megalosauridae Colbert pp. 21-22 fig. 6
1964Megalosauridae Estes p. 144
1964Megalosauridae Hu p. 56
1964Megalosauridae Tatarinov p. 537
1964Megalosauridae Walker p. 128
1966Megalosauridae Kuhn p. 96
1966Megalosauridae Romer p. 369
1966Megalosauridae del Corro p. 2
1967Megalosauridae Charig p. 714
1968Megalosauridae Maleev p. 95
1969Megalosauridae Colbert and Russell p. 45
1970Megalosauridae Reig p. 279
1970Megalosauridae Steel p. 27
1970Megalosauridae Swinton p. 151
1974Megalosauridae Waldman p. 325
1975Megalosauridae Hou et al. p. 29
1976Megalosauridae Barsbold p. 74
1977Megalosauridae Barsbold p. 50
1977Megalosauridae Galton p. 230
1978Megalosauridae Bonaparte p. 323
1978Megalosauridae Dong et al.
1979Megalosauridae Galton and Jensen p. 1
1979Megalosauridae Madsen and Miller p. 5
1980Megalosauridae Bonaparte p. 82
1980Megalosauridae Ostrom p. 22
1981Megalosauridae McIntosh p. 7
1982Megalosauridae Gardiner p. 229
1982Megalosauridae Santafé et al. p. 83
1983Megalosauridae Barsbold p. 95
1983Megalosauridae Dong et al.
1984Megalosauridae Dong
1984Megalosauridae Russell p. 28
1985Megalosauridae Dong and Tang
1985Torvosauridae Jensen
1987Megalosauridae Buscalioni and Sanz p. 66
1988Megalosauridae Carroll
1988Megalosauridae Paul p. 280
1989Torvosauridae Kurzanov p. 3
1989Megalosauridae Kurzanov p. 4
1992Megalosauridae Dong p. 164
1992Megalosauridae Novas p. 140
1994Megalosauridae Currie and Zhao p. 2079
1994Torvosauridae Sereno et al. p. 268 fig. 3
1996Megalosauridae Holtz, Jr. p. 42A
1996Torvosauridae Sereno et al. p. 989 fig. 4
1997Torvosauridae Sereno p. 456
1998Torvosauridae Sereno p. 64
1998Torvosauridae Sereno et al. p. 1302
1999Torvosauridae Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2004Megalosauridae Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 72
2005Megalosauridae Allain p. 850
2006Megalosauridae Chure et al. p. 236
2006Torvosauridae Mateus et al. p. 127
2008Megalosauridae Benson p. 58
2012Megalosauridae Carrano et al. p. 248 fig. 7
2013Megalosaurinidae Hanson and Makovicky p. 781
2014Megalosauridae Hendrickx and Mateus
2016Megalosauridae Rauhut et al. p. 38

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
RankNameAuthor
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
—Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
—SuchiaKrebs 1974
—Paracrocodylomorpha
—Loricata(Merrem 1820)
familyMegalosauri
familyMegalosauri

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Megalosauri Fitzinger 1843
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
T. H. Huxley 18701. The maxillary teeth are sharp-pointed, and the crown has a longitudinal serrated ridge, either on the middle of its posterior face only, or on the middle of its anterior face as well. The serrations of the ridge are directed at right angles to the long axis of the tooth. The teeth do not become worn by mastication.
2. The anterior prolongation of the ilium is nearly as large as, or larger than, the posterior.
3. The rami of the mandible are deep and thick and meet by rounded ends in the symphysis.
4. The proximal end of the femur is flattened, curved, and twisted in such a manner that its plane is oblique to that of a flat surface on which the condyles rest. In other words, it is more or less crocodilian.
5. There is no dermal armour.
K. A. v. Zittel 1890Wirbel massiv oder nur mit kleinen inneren Hohlräumen; Extremitätenknochen hohl, dickwandig. Vordere Wirbel opisfhocöl oder platycöl; Schwanzwirbel amphicöl. Halswirbel kurz. Schambeine schlank, distal ausgebreitet und vereinigt. Astragalus mit aufsteigendem Fortsatz. Hand mit fünf, Fuss mit vier Zehen. Bauchrippen vorhanden.
B. F. Nopcsa 1901Femur hosszabb mint a tibia.

[Femur longer than tibia.]
R. S. Lull 1924Moderate to large carnivorous dinosaurs, with sharp, serrated teeth; illium broadened anteriorly withlong pubic penduncle; pubis slender with a symphyseal foot-like expansion; femur longer than tibia; astragalus with ascending process.
B. F. Nopcsa 1928two prelacymal fossae; skull moderately abbreviated; dentition complete; cervicals opisthocoelous
F. v. Huene 19489 cervicals and 14 dorsals opisthocoelous, 5 sacrals; pubis rod-like; front leg small, manus with 5 fingers; in femur large trochanter major, tibia shorter; 3 long middle toes in foot. Altispinax has elongated neural spines. Lias to Wealden.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Diet: carnivoresubo
Created: 2009-01-03 20:38:45
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:38:45
Source: subo = suborder, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Benton 1983, Carroll 1988
Collections
No collection or age range data are available