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Baryonyx walkeri

Reptilia - Spinosauridae

Taxonomy
Baryonyx walkeri was named by Charig and Milner (1986). Its type specimen is BMNH R9951, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Smokejacks Brickworks, which is in a Barremian pond claystone/siltstone in the Weald Clay Formation of the United Kingdom. It is the type species of Baryonyx.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1986Baryonyx walkeri Charig and Milner p. 359 figs. 1-4
1986Baryonyx walkeri Edwards p. 356
1988Baryonyx walkeri Paul p. 272
1989Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut pp. 84-85
1989Baryonyx walkeri Hutt et al. p. 141
1990Baryonyx walkeri Charig and Milner p. 136
1991Baryonyx walkeri Le Loeuff p. 105
1992Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut
1995Baryonyx walkeri Viera and Torres p. 60
1996Baryonyx walkeri Hutt et al. p. 636
1997Baryonyx walkeri Norman p. 784
1997Baryonyx walkeri Vickaryous and Ryan p. 488
1998Baryonyx walkeri Blows p. 35
1998Baryonyx walkeri Sereno et al. p. 1302
1999Baryonyx walkeri Naish p. 367
2002Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut and Ouaja p. 418
2002Baryonyx walkeri Sues et al. p. 545
2003Baryonyx walkeri Hasegawa et al. p. 2
2003Baryonyx walkeri Rauhut p. 34
2003Baryonyx walkeri Ruiz-Omeñaca and Canudo p. 291
2004Baryonyx walkeri Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 72
2005Baryonyx walkeri Novas et al. p. 173
2005Baryonyx walkeri Ruiz-Omenaca et al. p. 60
2006Baryonyx walkeri Candeiro et al. p. 936
2006Baryonyx walkery Medeiros p. 336
2007Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut
2007Baryonyx walkeri Gishlick and Gauthier p. 579
2007Baryonyx walkeri Li et al. p. 545
2007Baryonyx walkeri Naish and Martill p. 495
2007Baryonyx walkeri Sampson and Witmer p. 33
2007Baryonyx walkeri Sánchez-Hernández et al. p. 191
2008Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut p. 26
2008Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut et al. p. 747
2008Baryonyx walkeri Canudo et al. p. 659
2008Baryonyx walkeri Smith et al. p. 2087
2010Baryonyx walkeri Buffetaut p. 175
2011Baryonyx walkeri Batten and Austen p. 46
2011Baryonyx walkeri Kellner et al. p. 104
2011Baryonyx walkeri Mateus et al. p. 54
2011Baryonyx walkeri Wongko et al. p. 62
2012Baryonyx walkeri Carrano et al. p. 224
2012Baryonyx walkeri Hendrickx and Mateus p. 102
2012Baryonyx walkeri Radley and Allen p. 308
2013Baryonyx walkeri Gasulla et al. p. 76
2013Baryonyx walkeri Hanson and Makovicky p. 779
2013Baryonyx walkeri Malafaia et al. p. 83
2014Baryonyx walkeri Hendrickx and Mateus p. 20
2016Baryonyx walkeri Cobos et al. p. 247
2016Baryonyx walkeri Coria and Currie p. 2
2016Baryonyx walkeri Hendrickx et al. p. 28
2017Baryonyx walkeri Figueiredo et al. p. 217
2017Baryonyx walkeri Ibrahim et al. p. 267
2018Baryonyx walkeri Frederickson et al. p. 10
2018Baryonyx walkeri Gasca et al. p. 141
2019Baryonyx walker Wongko et al. p. 16
2020Baryonyx walkeri Barker et al.
2020Baryonyx walkeri Ibrahim et al. p. 155
2020Baryonyx walkeri Malafaia et al. p. 432
2021Baryonyx walkeri Barker et al. p. 7
2021Baryonyx walkeri Figueiredo et al. p. 85
2021Baryonyx walkeri McFeeters p. 190
2022Baryonyx walkeri Mateus and Estraviz-López p. 3
2023Baryonyx walkeri Barker et al. p. 2
2023Baryonyx walkeri Isasmendi et al. p. 909
2023Baryonyx walkeri Santos-Cubedo et al. p. 1

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
RankNameAuthor
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
superfamilyMegalosauroidea()
familySpinosauridae
subfamilyBaryonychinae()
genusBaryonyx
specieswalkeri

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Baryonyx walkeri Charig and Milner 1986
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
P. C. Sereno et al. 1998(0) or 3 (1) times the depth of the proximal end.
Spinosauridae: 6, anterior end of upper and lower jaws,
form: convergent (0); expanded into a premaxillary/
dentary rosette (1); 7, snout length: less (0) or more (1)
than three times the length of the antorbital fenestra; 8,
external nares positioned entirely posterior to the pre-
maxillary tooth row; 9, antorbital fossa, size: larger (0)
or smaller (1) than the orbit; 10, interpremaxillary su-
Spinosaurid characterized by fused nasals with a median crest terminating posteriorly in a cruciate process, a solid subrectangular lacrimal horn, a marked transverse constriction of the sacral or anterior caudal centra, a well-formed peg-and-notch articulation between the scapula and coracoid, an everted distal margin of the pubic blade, and a very shallow fibular fossa.

M. T. Carrano et al. 2012Spinosaurid theropod with: (1) midline knob at posterior end of conjoined nasals terminating in cruciate process (Charig & Milner 1986); (2) subrectangular lacrimal horn (Sereno et al. 1998); and (3) peg-and-notch articulation between scapula and coracoid (Sereno et al. 1998).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoreo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2005-08-24 13:26:56
Modified: 2005-08-24 15:26:56
Source: g = genus, o = order
References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: Late/Upper Barremian or 125.77000 to 121.40000 Ma

Collections (2 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Barremian125.77 - 121.4United Kingdom (England) Baryonyx walkeri (type locality: 45193)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4United Kingdom (England) Baryonyx walkeri (45194)