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Elasmosaurinae

Reptilia - Plesiosauria - Elasmosauridae

Taxonomy
Elasmosaurinae was named as a subfamily. Its type is Elasmosaurus.

It was reranked as the unranked clade Elasmosaurinae by O'Gorman (2019).

It was assigned to Elasmosauridae by Welles (1962); and to Euelasmosaurida by O'Gorman (2019).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1962Elasmosaurinae Welles p. 4
2016Styxosaurinae Otero
2017Styxosaurinae Serratos et al.
2019Elasmosaurinae O'Gorman

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
RankNameAuthor
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
suborderSauropterygia
orderPlesiosauriade Blainville 1835
superfamilyPlesiosauroideaWelles 1943
familyElasmosauridaeCope 1869
—Euelasmosaurida
—Elasmosaurinae
—Elasmosaurinae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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G. †Albertonectes Kubo et al. 2012
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†Albertonectes vanderveldei Kubo et al. 2012
G. †Hydrotherosaurus Welles 1943
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G. †Nakonanectes Serratos et al. 2017
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†Nakonanectes bradti Serratos et al. 2017
G. †Styxosaurus Welles 1943
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†Styxosaurus browni Welles 1952
†Styxosaurus snowii Williston 1890
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Invalid names: Alzadasaurus pembertoni Welles and Bump 1949 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hydralmosaurus Welles 1943 [synonym], Thalassonomosaurus marshii Williston 1906 [nomen dubium]
G. †Terminonatator Sato 2003
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Invalid names: Styxosaurinae Otero 2016 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. A. Otero 2016 (Styxosaurinae)Clade of Campanian elasmosaurids from the Western Interior Seaway, distinguished by the following combination of characters: 60 or more cervical vertebrae (the minimal number of cervical vertebrae is based on the count of AMHN 1495 which has 58 cervical vertebrae and few estimated missing cervical centra); presence of mid cervical centra axially elongated reaching a length between two thirds to twice its width, being as broad as high (``can-shaped'' cervical vertebrae); neck much longer than the trunk; skull less than one tenth the cervical series length; plesiomorphic number of 1719 dorsal vertebrae (see `Discussion').
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: aquatico
Depth habitat: surfaceo
Diet: carnivoreo
Reproduction: viviparouso
Created: 2009-07-20 06:05:48
Modified: 2011-08-12 01:58:15
Source: o = order
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Turonian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 93.50000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (21 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Japan (Hokkaido) Elasmosaurus sp. (94687)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Japan (Sapporo) Elasmosaurus sp. (98849)
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Japan (Hokkaido) Elasmosaurus sp. (94685)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian89.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Elasmosaurus marshii (117842)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Cimoliasaurus snowii (116624) Elasmosaurus snowii (117841)
Early/Lower Santonian85.8 - 83.5Japan (Hokkaido) Elasmosaurus sp. (94682 94683)
Early/Lower Santonian85.8 - 83.5Japan (Sapporo) Elasmosaurus sp. (98848)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (Wyoming) Elasmosaurus sp. (105717)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Styxosaurus browni (77348)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Japan (Hokkaido) Elasmosaurus sp. (94679)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Dakota) Styxosaurus browni (35333)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Dakota) Alzadasaurus pembertoni (102092)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Kansas) Elasmosaurus platyurus (77321)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Nebraska) Hydralmosaurus serpentinus (116621)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Saskatchewan) Terminonatator ponteixensis (31122)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Alberta) Albertonectes vanderveldei (127257)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Kansas) Styxosaurus snowii (25692)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (California) Hydrotherosaurus alexandrae (108392)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Montana) Nakonanectes bradti (196671)