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Axis

Mammalia - Cervidae

Taxonomy
Axis was named by Gray (1825) [ITIS attributes this genus to Hamilton Smith, 1827, and Gray attributes it to Blainville]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Cervina by Gray (1825); to Cervidae by Carroll (1988); to Cervinae by Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Cervini by Grubb (2000), Mackiewicz et al. (2022).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1825Axis Gray p. 342
1903Cervavus Schlosser
1988Axis Carroll
2000Axis Grubb p. 302
2008Axis Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 5
2022Axis Mackiewicz et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyCervoidea
familyCervidae
subfamilyCervinaeGoldfuss 1820
tribeCerviniGoldfuss 1820
genusAxis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Axis Gray 1825
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Subg. Axis (Axis) Gray 1825
Subg. Axis (Hyelaphus) Bechst
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Axis axis Erxleben 1777 [chital]
Axis kuhlii Müller 1840
Axis porcinus Zimmerman 1780
Invalid names: Cervavus Schlosser 1903 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerg
Reproduction: viviparousf
Comments: based on Walker (1975)g
Created: 2009-01-04 11:00:43
Modified: 2009-01-04 13:00:43
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, MacFadden et al. 1999, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Miocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 11.63000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma

Collections (15 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333China A. speciosus (195285)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Tajikistan A. flerovi (34444)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58China (Tianjin) Cervavus sp., Cervavus speciosus (231233)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Italy (Umbria) A. nestii, A. sp. (51684)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Italy A. nestii (189026)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117China (Yunnan) A. rugosus (36587)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117India (West Bengal) A. axis (238025)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117India (Madras) A. axis (228955)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117India A. axis (238017)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Sri Lanka A. porcinus, A. axis (238030)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Laos (Hua Pan) A. poricnus (235746)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) Cervidae indet. (143885)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Cervus porcinus (237787)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Thailand (Chaiyaphum) A. porcinus (237788)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117India A. porcinus, A. axis (224310)