PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Eotheroides

Mammalia - Sirenia - Dugongidae

Taxonomy

Eotheroides was named by Palmer (1899) [replacement name for Eotherium Owen, 1875].

It was assigned to Halicoridae by Trouessart (1904); to Halitheriidae by Palmer (1904); to Prorastomidae by Simpson (1932); to Eotherioidinae by Kretzoi (1941); to Prorastominae by Reinhart (1959); to Eotheroididae by Heal (1973); to Halitheriinae by Domning (1994), Domning (1996) and Samonds and Zalmout (2009); to Halitheriinae by Zalmout and Gingerich (2012) and Domning (2018); and to Dugongidae by Carroll (1988), Clementz et al. (2006), Voss (2014), Berta (2017), Voss and Hampe (2017), Albright et al. (2019), Zalmout et al. (2020) and Zouhri et al. (2022).

Species

E. aegyptiacum (syn. Eotherium majus, Manatus coulombi, Masrisiren abeli), E. babiae, E. clavigerum, E. lambondrano, E. sandersi, E. waghapadarensis

Synonyms

Masrisiren was named by Kretzoi (1941). Its type is Masrisiren abeli.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eotheroides by Domning (1996).

It was assigned to Metaxytheriinae by Kretzoi (1941).
Eotherium was named by Owen (1875). It is not extant.

It was replaced with Eotheroides by Palmer (1899), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904) and Domning (1996).

It was assigned to Sirenia by Owen (1875); to Halitheriidae by Lydekker (1887); to Manatidae by Cope (1890); to Halicoridae by Trouessart (1898); and to Sirenia by Zittel (1925).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1875	Eotherium Owen p. 100
1887	Eotherium Lydekker p. 13
1890	Eotherium Cope p. 700
1898	Eotherium Trouessart p. 1003
1899	Eotheroides Palmer p. 494
1904	Eotheroides Palmer p. 264
1904	Eotheroides Trouessart p. 749
1925	Eotherium Zittel p. 265
1932	Eotheroides Simpson p. 423
1941	Masrisiren Kretzoi p. 152
1941	Eotherioides Kretzoi p. 154
1941	Masrisiren Kretzoi p. 155
1959	Eotheroides Reinhart pp. 53-56 fig. 8
1973	Eotheroides Heal p. 153
1988	Eotheroides Carroll
1994	Eotheroides Domning p. 189
1996	Eotheroides Domning p. 383
2006	Eotheroides Clementz et al. p. 360
2009	Eotheroides Samonds and Zalmout p. 1235
2012	Eotheroides Zalmout and Gingerich p. 37
2014	Eotheroides Voss p. 91 figs. Figure 3
2017	Eotheroides Berta p. 170
2017	Eotheroides Voss and Hampe
2018	Eotheroides Domning p. 857 figs. Fig. 1
2019	Eotheroides Albright et al. p. 191
2020	Eotheroides Zalmout et al. p. 130
2022	Eotheroides Zouhri et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Afrotheria	Stanhope et al. 1998
—	Tethytheria
order	Sirenia	()
family	Dugongidae
genus	Eotheroides

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Eotheroides Palmer 1899

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†Eotheroides aegyptiacum Owen 1875

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Invalid names: Eotherium majus Zdansky 1938 [synonym], Manatus coulombi Filhol 1878 [synonym], Masrisiren abeli Kretzoi 1941 [synonym]

†Eotheroides babiae Bajpai et al. 2006

†Eotheroides clavigerum Zalmout and Gingerich 2012

†Eotheroides lambondrano Samonds and Zalmout 2009

†Eotheroides sandersi Zalmout and Gingerich 2012

†Eotheroides waghapadarensis Das and Basu 1994

Invalid names: Eotherium Owen 1875 [synonym], Masrisiren Kretzoi 1941 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinef

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

aquaticf

Diet:

herbivoref

Reproduction:

viviparousf

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:09

Modified:

2005-06-08 12:11:09

Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Domning 1979

Age range: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Late/Upper Eocene or 47.80000 to 33.90000 Ma

Collections (38 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Eocene	56.0 - 33.9	Romania	Eotherium sp. (239598)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	India (Kutch)	E. babiae, E. waghapadarensis (45590)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Egypt	E. aegyptiacum, Manatus coulombi (58456)
Lutetian - Bartonian	47.8 - 38.0	France	E. sp., Eotherium sp. (49935)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Madagascar	E. lambondrano (93587)
Lutetian - Priabonian	47.8 - 33.9	France	E. sp. (49936)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	France (Gironde)	Eotherium sp. (78246)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Egypt	E. clavigerum (140097 140098 140102 140118 140125) E. clivigerum (140122) E. sandersi (140099 140100 140101 140121 140130 140135) E. sp. (96952 140131 140132 140133 140134)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Jordan	E. sp. (32899)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Egypt (Fayum)	E. clavigerum (140089 140094 140095) E. sandersi (140088) E. sp. (140093)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	USA (South Carolina)	E. sp. (32908 72046)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Western Sahara	E. sp. (206020 224658 224659 224660 224661)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Egypt	E. sp. (40516)