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Taxonomy
Cervalces was named by Scott (1885). It is not extant. Its type is Cervus americanus.
It was synonymized subjectively with Alces by Geraads (1983), Geist (1987), Kahlke (1990), Lister (1993).
It was assigned to Cervinae by Hay (1902); to Odocoileinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); to Cervidae by Scott (1885), Carroll (1988), Shoshani et al. (1989), Azzaroli (1994); to Alceini by Grubb (2000); and to Alcinae by Boeskorov (2005).
It was synonymized subjectively with Alces by Geraads (1983), Geist (1987), Kahlke (1990), Lister (1993).
It was assigned to Cervinae by Hay (1902); to Odocoileinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); to Cervidae by Scott (1885), Carroll (1988), Shoshani et al. (1989), Azzaroli (1994); to Alceini by Grubb (2000); and to Alcinae by Boeskorov (2005).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1885 | Cervalces Scott |
| 1902 | Cervalces Hay p. 685 |
| 1980 | Cervalces Kurten and Anderson p. 317 |
| 1988 | Cervalces Carroll |
| 1989 | Cervalces Shoshani et al. p. 436 |
| 1994 | Cervalces Azzaroli |
| 2000 | Cervalces Grubb p. 302 |
| 2005 | Cervalces Boeskorov p. 33 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Cervalces Scott 1885 [stag moose]
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†Cervalces latifrons Johnson 1874
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Invalid names: Cervalces alaskensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Cervalces borealis Bensley 1913 [synonym], Cervalces roosevelti Hay 1913 [synonym]
†Cervalces postremus Vangengeim and Flerov 1965
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| G. G. Boeskorov 2005 | Rostral partof skull extends forward much less than in Alces. The wide nasal processes of the premaxillary bones make contact with the nasal bones. Nasal bones are elongated, longer than the upper dental row. The cerebral section of the skull is wide and low. The ratio of cranium height from the lower edge of foramen magnum to maximal occipital width is usually less than 70%. A small prominence is present between the antlers.The orbits are much lower than the roof of the forehead. The antler beam is long or of average length
(length always exceeds beam circumference), and is slightly bent. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range: base of the Irvingtonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 1.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Collections (34 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | France (Auvergne-Rhône-Alps) | Libralces gallicus (44231) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz) | Alces latifrons (50000) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Russian Federation (Western Transbaikalia) | Alces latifrons (40266) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Greece (Peloponnisos) | Cervalces latifrons (34766) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | United Kingdom (England) | Cervus latifrons (77751) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) | Alces latifrons (35906) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Kansas) | Cervalces scotti (83056) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Cervalces sp. (65469) | |
| Pleistocene | Germany (Thuringia) | Alces latifrons (22728) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Alaska) | Cervalces sp. (20297) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nebraska) | Cervalces sp. (20138) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Niedersachsen) | Alces latifrons (50248) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | United Kingdom (Norfolk) | Alces latifrons (49816) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Baden-Wuerttemberg) | Alces latifrons (50199) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Bayern) | Alces latifrons (36220) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz) | Alces latifrons (50196 50198) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Alces latifrons (36206) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Netherlands | Alces latifrons, Cervalces latifrons (109704) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Czech Republic | Alces latifrons (36214) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oklahoma) | Cervalces roosevelti (216271) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Cervalces sp. (20590) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Ohio) | Cervalces scotti (82996 93334) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Illinois) | Cervalces roosevelti (93486) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Alberta) | Cervalces sp. (20615) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Cervalces sp. (104664) Cervalces sp., Cervalces scotti (103358) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Michigan) | Cervalces scotti (63150 63269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Illinois) | Cervalces scotti (93209) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Pennsylvania) | Cervalces sp. (104797) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cervalces scotti (79923) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Wisconsin) | Cervalces scotti (190060) |