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Cranioceras

Mammalia - Dromomerycidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1918Cranioceras Matthew
1998Cranioceras Janis and Manning
2007Cranioceras Prothero and Liter p. 247
2008Cranioceras Prothero and Liter
2019Cranioceras May

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyCervoidea
familyDromomerycidaeFrick 1937
tribeCranioceratiniFrick 1937
genusCranioceras

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Cranioceras Matthew 1918
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†Cranioceras pawniensis Frick 1937
†Cranioceras teres Cope 1874
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Invalid names: Cranioceras clarendonensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Cranioceras dakotensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Cranioceras unicornis Matthew 1918
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Invalid names: Cranioceras granti Frick 1937 [synonym], Cranioceras mefferdi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. R. Prothero and M. R. Liter 2008Long, upright supraorbital horns, tapering distally
and curved slightly inward; round in midshaft cross-section; long median occipital horn, round in cross-section and directed posteriorly. No upper canine. Short to moderate-length diastema. Premolar row shortened; an- terior fossette on p4 open. Brachyodont to mesodont molars with Palaeomeryx fold usually lost (modified from Janis and Manning, 1998, p. 485).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: browser based on premaxillary shape (Solounias and Moelleken 1993)g
Created: 2009-01-04 10:44:14
Modified: 2009-01-04 12:44:14
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Solounias and Moelleken 1993, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Janis and Manning 1998, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Clarendonian or 16.30000 to 9.40000 Ma

Collections (44 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Texas) C. clarendonensis (18312)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (South Dakota) C. unicornis (18064)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) C. sp. (17999)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (New Mexico) C. sp. (19287) C. teres (19535)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) C. granti (18119) C. mefferdi (18281)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) C. unicornis (17995)
Barstovian - Clarendonian16.3 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) C. granti (18049) C. mefferdi (18270) C. unicornis (18077 230906)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) C. granti (18042 18118 18135 18214 18218 18227 18333 18334 18335 18458 18496) C. mefferdi (18152 18260 18408) C. sp. (188779) C. unicornis (18082 18176 18301 18336)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (South Dakota) C. dakotensis (18063) C. unicornis (18484)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (California) Palaeomerycidae indet. (19553)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Texas) C. clarendonensis (18244) C. sp. (18098) Palaeomerycidae indet. (18610 18623)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) C. unicornis (18066)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (Washington) C. unicornis (175228)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) C. unicornis (18236)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (South Dakota) C. dakotensis (18352 18421)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (California) C. unicornis (19466)