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Camelus (camel)

Mammalia - Camelidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Camelus Linnaeus p. 65
1825Camelus Gray p. 342
1848Camelus Owen p. 139
1876Camelus Lydekker
1902Camelus Hay p. 680
1945Camelus Simpson p. 150
1965Camelus Webb p. 44
1988Camelus Carroll
1994Camelus Stanley et al. p. 1
2008Camelus Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 5
2010Camelus Harris et al. p. 824
2020Camelus Lynch et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
suborderTylopoda()
familyCamelidae
subfamilyCamelinaeGray 1821
tribeCamelini
genusCamelus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Camelus Linnaeus 1758 [camel]
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†Camelus antiquus Falconer and Cautley 1836
Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus 1758
Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus 1758
†Camelus grattardi Geraads 2014
†Camelus knoblochi Nehring 1901
†Camelus sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1836
†Camelus thomasi Pomel 1893
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Body mass estimates
estimateequationreference
 280.4 kg Mammalia femur diameterGingerich 1990
 289.0 kg Mammalia humerus diameterGingerich 1990
 176.0 kg Mammalia tibia diameterGingerich 1990
mean: 242.5 kg
Measurements
partNmean
femur diameter139.4
humerus diameter143.4
tibia diameter132.4

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingg
Diet: browserg
Diet 2: grazerg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: primarily a browser based on Recent ecology (MacFadden and Cerling 1996)g
Created: 2005-08-31 14:44:27
Modified: 2009-01-04 12:36:48
Source: g = genus, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 15 to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 4.16000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma

Collections (44 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Kazakhstan Camelus praebactrianus (76289)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Tunisia (Bizerte ) Camelus thomasi (211247)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Ukraine Camelus sp. (76538 76539)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Ukraine (Odessa) Camelus kujalnensis (76502)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Tanzania (Eastern Drift Valley) Camelus sp. (32050)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malawi Camelus sp. (22323)
MN 15 - MN 164.16 - 2.245Ukraine Camelus alutensis (50943)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Morocco Camelus sp. (32052)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58India (Panjab) Camelus sivalensis (51106)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Ukraine Camelus sp. (76534)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58India (Jammu) Camelus sp. (51101)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58India Camelus sp. (39209)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Russian Federation Camelus sp. (76510 76530)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Ethiopia Camelus sp. (21608 21623 21640)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Kenya Camelus sp. (21479 21484)
Piacenzian - Gelasian3.6 - 1.8Ethiopia (Afar) Camelus grattardi (224657)
Piacenzian - Gelasian3.6 - 1.8Kenya (Rift Valley) Camelus sp. (21344)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.774India Camelus sivalensis (194890)
Villafranchian3.55 - 1.8Hungary (Fejer) Camelus bessarabensis (35374 35380)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Ethiopia Camelus grattardi (21671) Camelus sp. (21986 21999)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774India (Himchal Pradesh) Camelus sivalensis (236039 236041)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Kenya Camelus sp. (21454)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Washington) Camelus maximus (231102)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Tajikistan Camelus knoblochi (34104)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Egypt Camelus sp. (21874) Camelus thomasi (21876)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Algeria Camelus thomasi (22584)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Syria Camelus dromedarius, Camelus bactrianus, Camelus thomasi (67660) Camelus sp. (34105)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Kazakhstan Camelus knoblochi (40496)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Morocco Camelus sp. (34330)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kazakhstan Camelus knoblochi (40497)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Israel (Mount Carmel) Camelus sp. (11803)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mongolia (Bayankhongor) Camelus knoblochi (230428)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Egypt Camelus thomasi (21877)