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Taxonomy
Talpini was named by Fischer de Waldheim (1817). It is extant.
It was reranked as the family Talpidae by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1850), Schlosser (1877), Flower (1883), Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1901), Hay (1902), Gregory (1910), Jaekel (1911), Hay (1930), Sherman (1952), Johnson (1966), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Barnosky (1981), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991), McKenna and Bell (1997), Madsen et al. (2001), Douady et al. (2002), Asher et al. (2005), Gunnell et al. (2008), Bendukidze et al. (2009), Asher and Helgen (2010), Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014), Korth and Evander (2016), Lofgren et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Ferae by Gray (1825); to Bestiae by Bonaparte (1850); to Soricoidea by Schlosser (1877); to Insectivora by Cope (1889); to Lipotyphla by Jaekel (1911); to Soricoidae by Hay (1930); to Insectivora by Flower (1883), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1901), Hay (1902), Sherman (1952), Johnson (1966), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Nowak (1991); to Eulipotyphla by Madsen et al. (2001), Douady et al. (2002); to Talpoidea by Barnosky (1981), McKenna and Bell (1997), Gunnell et al. (2008); to Soricomorpha by Gregory (1910), Carroll (1988), Bendukidze et al. (2009); to Lipotyphla by Asher et al. (2005), Asher and Helgen (2010), Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014), Korth and Evander (2016), Lofgren et al. (2020); and to Talpinae by Van Valen (1967), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Cailleux et al. (2024).
It was reranked as the family Talpidae by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1850), Schlosser (1877), Flower (1883), Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1901), Hay (1902), Gregory (1910), Jaekel (1911), Hay (1930), Sherman (1952), Johnson (1966), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Barnosky (1981), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991), McKenna and Bell (1997), Madsen et al. (2001), Douady et al. (2002), Asher et al. (2005), Gunnell et al. (2008), Bendukidze et al. (2009), Asher and Helgen (2010), Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014), Korth and Evander (2016), Lofgren et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Ferae by Gray (1825); to Bestiae by Bonaparte (1850); to Soricoidea by Schlosser (1877); to Insectivora by Cope (1889); to Lipotyphla by Jaekel (1911); to Soricoidae by Hay (1930); to Insectivora by Flower (1883), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1901), Hay (1902), Sherman (1952), Johnson (1966), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Nowak (1991); to Eulipotyphla by Madsen et al. (2001), Douady et al. (2002); to Talpoidea by Barnosky (1981), McKenna and Bell (1997), Gunnell et al. (2008); to Soricomorpha by Gregory (1910), Carroll (1988), Bendukidze et al. (2009); to Lipotyphla by Asher et al. (2005), Asher and Helgen (2010), Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014), Korth and Evander (2016), Lofgren et al. (2020); and to Talpinae by Van Valen (1967), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Cailleux et al. (2024).
Subtaxa
Anomodon, Asthenoscapter, Chrysochlorina, Desmana (syn. Desmanus, Myogalea, Desman, Myogale, Desmagale, Mygale, Palaeospalax, Caprios), Desmaninae (syn. Myogalina), Desmanodon, Domninoides, Entomodon, Eotalpa, Galeospalax, Geolabis (syn. Metacodon), Hugueneya, Hyporyssus, Mioscalops, Mogera, Mongolopala, Neurotrichus, Oreotalpa, Parascalops, Parascaptor, Proscalopinae (syn. Arctoryctinae), Quadrodens (syn. Palaeoscalopus), Scalopinae, Scaptochirus (syn. Chiroscaptor), Scaptogale (syn. Echinogale), Soricina, Suleimaninae, Talpa (syn. Asioscalops, Heterotalpa, Eoscalops, Talpops, Euroscaptor), Talpina, Talpinae, Tegulariscaptor, Tenrecina, Tupaina, Uropsilinae
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1817 | Talpini Fischer de Waldheim |
1821 | Myaladae Gray |
1825 | Talpidae Gray p. 339 |
1850 | Talpidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
1877 | Talpidae Schlosser p. 89 |
1883 | Talpidae Flower p. 186 |
1889 | Talpidae Cope p. 876 |
1891 | Talpidae Flower and Lydekker p. 92 |
1901 | Talpidae Matthew |
1902 | Talpidae Hay p. 737 |
1910 | Talpidae Gregory p. 465 |
1911 | Talpidae Jaekel p. 210 |
1930 | Talpidae Hay p. 435 |
1952 | Talpidae Sherman p. 87 |
1966 | Talpidae Johnson p. 80 |
1967 | Talpini Van Valen |
1980 | Talpidae Kurten and Anderson p. 113 |
1981 | Talpidae Barnosky p. 288 |
1988 | Talpidae Carroll |
1991 | Talpidae Nowak |
1997 | Talpidae McKenna and Bell p. 279 |
2001 | Talpidae Madsen et al. p. 611 |
2002 | Talpidae Douady et al. p. 204 |
2005 | Talpidae Asher et al. p. 920 |
2005 | Talpini Wilson and Reeder |
2008 | Talpidae Gunnell et al. |
2009 | Talpidae Bendukidze et al. p. 345 |
2010 | Talpidae Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. FIgure 1 |
2014 | Talpidae Vianey-Liaud et al. p. 576 |
2016 | Talpidae Korth and Evander |
2020 | Talpidae Lofgren et al. |
2024 | Talpini Cailleux et al. p. 146 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Talpidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [mole]
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G. Desmana Guldenstaedt 1777 [Russian desman]
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G. †Archaeodesmana Topachevski and Pashkov 1983
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†Archaeodesmana adroveri Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana baetica Martín-Suárez et al. 2001
†Archaeodesmana brailloni Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana dekkersi Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana dissona Cailleux et al. 2024
†Archaeodesmana luteyni Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana major Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana primigenia Ziegler 2005
†Archaeodesmana turolense Rümke 1985
†Archaeodesmana vinea Storch 1978
Invalid names: Dibolia Rümke 1985 [synonym], Ruemkelia Rzebik-Kowalska and Pawlowski 1994 [synonym]
†Desmana inflata Rümke 1985
†Desmana kowalskae Rümke 1985
Desmana moschata Linnaeus 1758 [Russian desman]
†Desmana nehringi Kormos 1913
†Desmana pontica Schreuder 1940
†Desmana pyrenaica Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1811
†Desmana thermalis Kormos 1930
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Invalid names: Desmagale pannonica Kretzoi 1953 [synonym], Desmana crassidens Kretzoi 1953 [synonym], Desmana tegelensis Schreuder 1940 [synonym]
†Desmana verestchagini Topachevski 1961
†Desmana verestchagini amutriensis Radulescu et al. 1989
Invalid names: Caprios Wagler 1830 [synonym], Desmagale Kretzoi 1953 [synonym], Desman Lacepede 1799 [synonym], Desmanus Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Mygale Cuvier 1800 [synonym], Myogale Brandt 1836 [synonym], Myogalea Fischer 1829 [synonym], Palaeospalax Owen 1846 [synonym]
Subfm. Desmaninae Thomas 1912
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G. †Desmanella Engesser 1972
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†Desmanella amasyae Engesser 1980
†Desmanella cingulata Engesser 1980
†Desmanella compacta Lopatin 2004
†Desmanella compactus Lopatin 2004
†Desmanella crusafonti Rümke 1974
†Desmanella dubia Rümke 1976
†Desmanella engesseri Ziegler 1985
†Desmanella fejfari Gibert 1974
†Desmanella gardiolensis Crochet 1986
†Desmanella gudrunae van den Hoek Ostende and Fejfar 2006
†Desmanella quinquecuspidata Mayr and Fahlbusch 1975
†Desmanella rietscheli Storch and Dahlmann 2000
†Desmanella sickenbergi Engesser 1980
†Desmanella stehlini Engesser 1972
G. Galemys Kaup 1829 [Pyrenean desman]
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†Galemys kormosi Schreuder 1940
Galemys pyrenaicus Geoffroy 1811 [Pyrenean desman]
†Galemys semseyi Kormos 1913
†Galemys sulimskii Rümke 1985
Invalid names: Galomys Agassiz 1846 [synonym], Mygalina Saint-Hilaire 1835 [synonym]
G. †Geomana Brunner 1957
G. †Mygalea Schreuder 1940
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†Mygalea antiqua Pomel 1848
†Mygalea jaegeri Seemann 1938
†Mygalea magna Ziegler 1990
G. †Paratalpa Lavocat 1951
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†Paratalpa brachychir v. Meyer 1846
†Paratalpa meyeri Schlosser 1877
†Paratalpa micheli Lavocat 1951
†Paratalpa micheli saulcetensis Hugeuney 1972
Invalid names: Teutonotalpa Hutchison 1974 [synonym]
Invalid names: Myogalina Mivart 1871 [synonym]
G. †Desmanodon Engesser 1980
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†Desmanodon burkarti van den Hoek Ostende 1997
†Desmanodon crocheti Prieto 2010
†Desmanodon daamsi van den Hoek Ostende 1997
†Desmanodon fluegeli Prieto 2010
†Desmanodon major Engesser 1980
†Desmanodon minor Engesser 1980
†Desmanodon ziegleri van den Hoek Ostende 1997
G. †Domninoides Green 1956
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†Domninoides hessei Dalquest et al. 1996
†Domninoides knoxjonesi Dalquest et al. 1996
†Domninoides mimicus Wilson 1968
†Domninoides platybrachys Douglass 1903
†Domninoides riparensis Green 1956
†Domninoides santafei Gibert 1974
G. †Galeospalax Pomel 1848
G. †Geolabis Cope 1884
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†Geolabis rhynchaeus Cope 1884
Invalid names: Metacodon Clark 1936 [synonym]
G. †Hyporyssus Pomel 1848
G. †Mioscalops Ostrander et al. 1986
G. Mogera Pomel 1848
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Mogera coreana Thomas 1907
Mogera insularis Swinhoe 1863 [insular mole]
Mogera wogura Temminck 1842 [Japanese mole]
G. Neurotrichus Günther 1880 [shrew mole]
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Neurotrichus gibbsii Baird 1858 [shrew mole]
†Neurotrichus polonicus Skoczen 1980
G. Parascalops True 1894
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Parascalops breweri Bachman 1842 [hairly-tailed vole]
†Parascalops fossilis Skoczen 1993
†Parascalops grayensis Oberg and Samuels 2022
G. †Quadrodens Macdonald 1970
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†Quadrodens wilsoni Macdonald 1970
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Invalid names: Palaeoscalopus pineridgensis Macdonald 1970 [synonym]
Invalid names: Palaeoscalopus Macdonald 1970 [synonym]
G. Scaptochirus Milne-Edwards 1867 [Short-faced mole]
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Scaptochirus moschatus Milne-Edwards 1867 [Short-faced mole]
Invalid names: Chiroscaptor Heude 1898 [synonym]
Subfm. †Suleimaninae Van den Hoek Ostende 2001
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G. Talpa Linnaeus 1758
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Talpa caeca Savi 1822 [blind mole]
†Talpa episcopalis Kormos 1930
Talpa europaea Linnaeus 1758 [European mole]
†Talpa fossilis Petenyi 1864
†Talpa gilothi Storch 1978
†Talpa gracilis Kormos 1930
†Talpa minor Freudenberg 1914
†Talpa minuta Blainville 1840
†Talpa neagui Radulescu and Samson 1989
†Talpa praeglacialis Kormos 1930
†Talpa romana Thomas 1902
†Talpa tenuidentata Ziegler 1990
†Talpa tyrrhenica Bate 1945
†Talpa vallesensis Villalta and Crusafont 1944
Invalid names: Asioscalops Stroganov 1941 [synonym], Eoscalops Stroganov 1941 [synonym], Euroscaptor Miller 1940 [synonym], Heterotalpa Peters 1863 [synonym], Talpops Gervais 1868 [synonym]
Subfm. Talpinae Fisher von Waldheim 1817
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Tr. †Condylurini Trouessart 1879
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G. Condylura Illinger 1811 [star-nosed mole]
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Condylura cristata Linnaeus 1758 [star-nosed mole]
Invalid names: Astromycter Harris 1825 [synonym], Rhinaster Wagler 1830 [synonym], Talpasorex Schinz 1821 [synonym]
Tr. Scalopini Dobson 1883
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G. †Leptoscaptor Ziegler 2003
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†Leptoscaptor bavaricum Ziegler 2003
†Leptoscaptor robustior Ziegler 2003
G. †Proscapanus Gaillard 1899
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†Proscapanus austriacus Ziegler 2006
†Proscapanus intercedens Ziegler 1985
†Proscapanus lehmani Gibert 1974
†Proscapanus minor Ziegler 2006
†Proscapanus sansaniensis Lartet 1851
Invalid names: Proscapaneus Winge 1917 [synonym]
G. †Scalopoides Wilson 1960
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†Scalopoides hutchisoni Korth and Evander 2016
†Scalopoides isodens Wilson 1960
†Scalopoides ripafodiator Hutchison 1968
G. Scalopus Geoffroy 1803
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Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 [eastern mole]
†Scalopus blancoensis Dalquest 1975
†Scalopus rexroadi Hibbard 1941
†Scalopus sewardensis Reed 1962
Invalid names: Hesperoscalops Hibbard 1941 [synonym], Scalops Illinger 1811 [synonym]
G. Scapanulus Thomas 1912
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†Scapanulus agrarius Skoczen 1980
†Scapanulus lampounensis Mein and Ginsburg 1997
Scapanulus oweni Thomas 1912 [Gansu mole]
G. Scapanus Pomel 1848
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†Scapanus hagermanensis Hutchison 1987
Scapanus latimanus Bachman 1842 [broad-footed mole]
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Invalid names: Scalops californicus Ayres 1856 [synonym]
†Scapanus malatinus Hutchison 1987
Scapanus orarius True 1896
†Scapanus proceridens Hutchison 1968
†Scapanus shultzi Tedford 1961
Scapanus townsendii Bachman 1839
G. †Yanshuella Storch and Qiu 1983
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†Yanshuella columbiana Hutchison 1968
†Yanshuella primaeva Schlosser 1924
Invalid names: Scapanei Winge 1917 [synonym]
Tr. Scaptonychini Van Valen 1966
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G. †Geotrypus Pomel 1848
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†Geotrypus copernici Skoczen 1980
†Geotrypus ehrensteinensis Ziegler 1990
†Geotrypus montisasini Ziegler 1990
†Geotrypus oschiriensis de Bruijn and Rümke 1974
†Geotrypus tomerdingensis Tobien 1939
Invalid names: Protalpa Filhol 1877 [synonym]
G. Scaptonyx Milne-Edwards 1872 [Long-tailed mole]
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†Scaptonyx edwardsi Gaillard 1899
Scaptonyx fusicaudus Milne-Edwards 1872 [long-tailed mole]
Tr. Urotrichini Dobson 1883
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G. †Myxomygale Filhol 1890
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†Myxomygale antiqua Filhol 1890
†Myxomygale asiaprima Lopatin 2004
†Myxomygale engesseri Doukas 1986
†Myxomygale gracilis Ziegler 2003
†Myxomygale hutchisoni Ziegler 1985
Invalid names: Palurotrichus Ziegler 1985 [synonym]
G. †Percymygale Hugueney and Maridet 2017
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†Percymygale minor Ziegler 1990
†Percymygale vauclusensis Crochet 1995
G. †Pseudoparatalpa Lopatin 1999
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†Pseudoparatalpa lavroi Bendukidze 1993
†Pseudoparatalpa shevyrevae Lopatin 1999
G. Urotrichus Temminck 1841 [greater Japanese shrew-mole]
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†Urotrichus dolichochir Gaillard 1899
†Urotrichus giganteus Ziegler 2006
Urotrichus talpoides Temminck 1841 [Japanese shrew mole]
Subfm. Uropsilinae Dobson 1883
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G. †Mystipterus Hall 1930
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†Mystipterus martini Wilson 1960
†Mystipterus pacificus Hutchison 1968
†Mystipterus vespertilio Hall 1930
Invalid names: Mydecodon Wilson 1960 [synonym]
G. †Theratiskos Hoek Ostende 2001
G. Uropsilus Milne-Edwards 1871 [shrew mole]
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Uropsilus soricipes Milne-Edwards 1871 [Chinese shrew mole]
Invalid names: Nasillus Thomas 1911 [synonym], Rhynchonax Thomas 1912 [synonym]
Invalid names: Chrysochlorina Gray 1825 [empty], Myaladae Gray 1821 [synonym], Scalopinae Gill 1875 [empty], Soricina Gray 1825 [empty], Talpina Gray 1825 [empty], Tenrecina Gray 1825 [empty], Tupaina Gray 1825 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Holocene or 41.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma
Collections (723 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Bartonian | United Kingdom (England) | Eotalpa anglica (39014) | |
Priabonian | United Kingdom (England) | Eotalpa anglica (184230) | |
Late/Upper Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | Oreotalpa florissantensis (85117) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | United Kingdom (England) | Eotalpa anglica (9074 39236 39300 39662 41665) | |
MP 17A - MP 17B | United Kingdom (England) | Eotalpa anglica (28747) | |
Orellan | USA (South Dakota) | Talpidae indet. (17198) | |
Orellan | USA (Montana) | Talpidae indet. (17090) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Germany | Talpidae indet. (34630) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Kazakhstan | Pseudoparatalpa shevyrevae (71672) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Mongolia | Mongoloscapter zhegalloi (114684) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | France (Alpes-de-haute Provence) | Talpidae indet. (200417) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Kazakhstan (Aktyubinskaya) | Myxomygale sp. (174743) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Mongolia (Övörkhangai) | Mongolopala tathue (75595) Talpidae indet. (180955) Talpidae indet., Mongolopala tathue (187301) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Belgium | Eotalpa belgica (31748) | |
MP 21 | Germany (Bayern) | Myxomygale vauclusensis (91490) Myxomygale vauclusensis, Myxomygale minor (183517 183518) | |
MP 21 | Czech Republic | Paratalpa sp. (91467) Talpidae indet. (91466) | |
MP 21 | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Geotrypus minor (186443) Myxomygale vauclusensis, Geotrypus minor (184461) Percymygale vauclusensis (184460) | |
MP 22 | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Myxomygale vauclusensis, Geotrypus minor (117977 184462 184464) Talpidae indet. sp. 1, Myxomygale vauclusensis, Geotrypus minor (184463) Talpidae indet. sp. 1, Myxomygale vauclusensis, Myxomygale minor, Geotrypus minor (118196) | |
MP 22 | France | Geotrypus sp. (183452) | |
MP 22 | Germany (Bayern) | Myxomygale vauclusensis (183520) Talpidae indet. sp. 1, Talpidae indet. sp. 2, Myxomygale vauclusensis, Myxomygale minor, Geotrypus minor (91491) |