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Tritylodontidae
Taxonomy
Tritylodontidae was named by Cope (1884). It is not extant. Its type is Tritylodon. It was considered monophyletic by Waldman and Savage (1972).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Tritylodontidae by Rowe (1988).
It was assigned to Multituberculata by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Multituberculata by Cope (1889), Lydekker (1894); to Tritylodontoidea by Waldman and Savage (1972); to Eucynodontia by Kemp (1982); to Tritylodontoidea by Simpson (1928), Simpson (1929), Huene (1940), Young (1947), Carroll (1988); to Cynodontia by Haughton and Brink (1954), Gauthier et al. (1989); to Probainognathia by Martinez et al. (1996); to Tritylodontoidea by Tatarinov (2008); to Cynodontia by Li and Sun (2008); to Cynodontia by Hu et al. (2009); to Mammaliamorpha by Rowe (1988), Wible (1991), Huttenlocker et al. (2018); and to Cynodontia by Szczygielski et al. (2024).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Tritylodontidae by Rowe (1988).
It was assigned to Multituberculata by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Multituberculata by Cope (1889), Lydekker (1894); to Tritylodontoidea by Waldman and Savage (1972); to Eucynodontia by Kemp (1982); to Tritylodontoidea by Simpson (1928), Simpson (1929), Huene (1940), Young (1947), Carroll (1988); to Cynodontia by Haughton and Brink (1954), Gauthier et al. (1989); to Probainognathia by Martinez et al. (1996); to Tritylodontoidea by Tatarinov (2008); to Cynodontia by Li and Sun (2008); to Cynodontia by Hu et al. (2009); to Mammaliamorpha by Rowe (1988), Wible (1991), Huttenlocker et al. (2018); and to Cynodontia by Szczygielski et al. (2024).
Subtaxa
Archaeodon, Bienotherium, Bienotheroides, Bocatherium, Chalepotherium, Dianzhongia, Dinnebitodon, Kayentatherium (syn. Nearctylodon), Likhoelia, Lufengia, Montirictus, Nuurtherium, Oligokyphus, Polistodon, Saurodesmus, Shartegodon, Stereognathus (syn. Xenocretosuchus), Tritylodon (type genus), Tritylodontoides, Yuanotherium, Yunnanodon (syn. Yunnania)
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1884 | Tritylodontidae Cope |
| 1889 | Tritylodontidae Cope p. 874 |
| 1891 | Tritylodontidae Flower and Lydekker p. 88 |
| 1894 | Tritylodontidae Lydekker p. 282 |
| 1928 | Tritylodontidae Simpson p. 11 |
| 1929 | Tritylodontidae Simpson p. 11 |
| 1940 | Tritylodontidae Huene p. 8 |
| 1947 | Tritylodontidae Young |
| 1954 | Tritylodontidae Haughton and Brink p. 8 |
| 1972 | Tritylodontidae Waldman and Savage |
| 1982 | Tritylodontidae Kemp p. 349 |
| 1988 | Tritylodontidae Carroll |
| 1988 | Tritylodontidae Rowe p. 245 figs. Figure 3 |
| 1989 | Tritylodontidae Gauthier et al. p. 342 |
| 1991 | Tritylodontidae Wible |
| 1996 | Tritylodontidae Martinez et al. |
| 2008 | Tritylodontidae Li and Sun p. 409 |
| 2008 | Tritylodontidae Tatarinov |
| 2009 | Tritylodontidae Hu et al. |
| 2018 | Tritylodontidae Huttenlocker et al. |
| 2024 | Tritylodontidae Szczygielski et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Tritylodontidae Cope 1884
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G. †Bienotherium Young 1940
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†Bienotherium magnum Chow 1962
†Bienotherium minor Young 1947
†Bienotherium yunnanense Young 1940
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Invalid names: Bienotherium elegans Young 1940 [synonym], Oligokyphus sinensis Young 1974 [synonym]
G. †Bienotheroides Young 1982
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†Bienotheroides shartegensis Watabe et al. 2007
†Bienotheroides ultimus Maisch et al. 2004
†Bienotheroides wansienensis Young 1982
†Bienotheroides zigongensis Sun 1986
G. †Oligokyphus Hennig 1922
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†Oligokyphus biserialis Hennig 1922
†Oligokyphus lufengensis Luo and Sun 1993
†Oligokyphus major Kühne 1956
†Oligokyphus minor Kühne 1956
†Oligokyphus triserialis Hennig 1922
G. †Stereognathus Charlesworth 1854
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†Stereognathus ooliticus Charlesworth 1854
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Invalid names: Stereognathus hebridicus Waldman and Savage 1972 [synonym]
Invalid names: Xenocretosuchus Tatarinov and Matchenko 1999 [synonym]
G. †Tritylodon Owen 1884
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†Tritylodon longaevus Owen 1884
Invalid names: Tritylodon fraasi Lydekker 1887 [nomen vanum]
G. †Yunnanodon Cui 1986
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†Yunnanodon brevirostre Cui 1976
Invalid names: Yunnania Cui 1976 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Collections (90 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lacian - Sevatian | USA (New Mexico) | Tritylodontidae indet. (62311) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Free State) | Tritylodon sp. (149752) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Chalepotherium plieningeri (67914) Oligokyphus triserialis, Oligokyphus biserialis (131422) | |
| Rhaetian - Hettangian | South Africa (Free State) | Tritylodon sp. (220075) | |
| Rhaetian - Sinemurian | USA (Arizona) | Tritylodontidae indet. (141561) | |
| Hettangian | China (Yunnan) | Bienotherium yunnanense, Bienotherium elegans (49501) Bienotherium yunnanense, Oligokyphus lufengensis, Bienotherium elegans, Bienotherium minor (49503) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Arizona) | Tritylodontidae indet. (225153) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | USA (Arizona) | Dinnebitodon sp., Oligokyphus sp. (216632) Tritylodontidae indet., Kayentatherium sp. (214349) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Mafeteng) | Tritylodon longaevus (105240) Tritylodon sp. (232329) Tritylodontidae indet. (55339) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Oligokyphus major, Oligokyphus minor (46137) Oligokyphus sp. (137123) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Free State) | Tritylodon sp. (48391 59363 75194 75262 149753 149754 232293 232297 232298 232300 232302 232304 232310 232314 232315 232316 232318 232321 232323) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Quthing) | Tritylodon sp. (105601) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa | Tritylodon sp. (22729) | |
| Sinemurian | China (Yunnan) | Bienotherium magnum, Lufengia delicata (78993) Dianzhongia longirostrata (137128) Yunnania brevirostre (49778) | |
| Sinemurian - Pliensbachian | Antarctica | Tritylodontidae indet. (47135) | |
| Sinemurian - Pliensbachian | USA (Arizona) | Dinnebitodon amarali (46367 59929 59930) Dinnebitodon sp., Kayentatherium sp. (216637) Kayentatherium sp. (13280 216631) Kayentatherium wellesi (46398) Nearctylodon broomi (34533) Tritylodontidae indet. (51894 51899 91553 137287) Tritylodontidae indet., Dinnebitodon sp., Kayentatherium sp., Oligokyphus sp. (216645) Tritylodontidae indet., Kayentatherium wellesi (137286 137294) Tritylodontidae indet., Oligokyphus sp. (27716) | |
| Pliensbachian | Mexico (Tamaulipas) | Bocatherium mexicanum (28212) | |
| Pliensbachian | South Africa (Free State) | Tritylodontoides maximus (106562) | |
| Pliensbachian | United Kingdom (England) | Oligokyphus major, Oligokyphus minor (105605) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | USA (Arizona) | Kayentatherium sp. (137235) | |
| Bajocian - Oxfordian | China (Sichuan) | Polistodon chuannanensis, Bienotheroides zigongensis (24883) | |
| Bathonian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Stereognathus hebridicus (139746) | |
| Bathonian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) | Tritylodontidae indet. (61891) | |
| Early/Lower Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Tritylodontidae indet., Stereognathus sp. (31054) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Tritylodontidae indet., Stereognathus sp. (39075 57124 57125 57139 166423 224639) | |
| Middle Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Stereognathus ooliticus (59357) Stereognathus sp. (92055) | |
| Oxfordian | China (Xinjiang) | Bienotheroides ultimus (138251) Tritylodontidae indet. (90081) Yuanotherium minor (141366) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Chelonia indet. (105332) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | Mongolia (Govi-Altay) | Tritylodontidae indet. (127736) | |
| Tithonian | Mongolia (Govi-Altay) | Bienotheroides shartegensis, Shartegodon altai, Nuurtherium baruunensis (127735) | |
| Berriasian - Barremian | Russian Federation (Sakha) | Xenocretosuchus kolossovi (32313) | |
| Barremian | Japan (Fukui) | Tritylodontidae indet. (207791) | |
| Barremian | Japan (Ishikawa) | Tritylodontidae indet. (32324 50357 50359) | |
| Barremian - Aptian | Russian Federation (Kemerovo) | Tritylodontidae indet. (52808) Xenocretosuchus sp. (167304) | |
| Barremian - Aptian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) | Tritylodontidae indet. (206592 206603) Tritylodontidae indet., Xenocretosuchus sp. (53148) | |
| Aptian | Russian Federation (Kemerovo) | Tritylodontidae indet., Xenocretosuchus sibiricus (39680) |