Rebbachisaurus was named by Lavocat (1954). It is the type genus of Rebbachisauridae.

It was assigned to Sauropoda by Lavocat (1954); to Camarasauridae by Lapparent (1958), Lapparent (1960); to Sauropoda by Tatarinov (1964); to Morosauridae by Charig (1967); to Brachiosaurinae by Steel (1970); to Titanosauridae by Romer (1966), Molnar (1980); to Brachiosauridae by Paul (1988), Carroll (1988), Molnar (1992); to Sauropoda by Charroud and Fedan (1992); to Dicraeosaurinae by McIntosh (1990), Russell (1996); to Diplodocimorpha by Calvo and Salgado (1995), Salgado (1999), Calvo (1999); to Diplodocidae by Jacobs et al. (1996), Marty et al. (2010); to Limaysaurinae by Carballido et al. (2012); to Diplodocoidea by Upchurch (1997), Wilson and Sereno (1998), Xing et al. (2015); to Rebbachisauridae by Bonaparte (1997), Bonaparte (1999), Wilson (2002), Gallina et al. (2002), Torcida Fernández-Baldor et al. (2003), Upchurch et al. (2004), Dalla Vecchia (2005), Apesteguía (2005), Gallina and Apesteguía (2005), Taylor and Naish (2005), Salgado et al. (2006), Remes (2006), Mannion (2009), Suteethorn et al. (2010), Carballido et al. (2010), Taquet (2010), Whitlock (2011), Ibiricu et al. (2012), Mannion et al. (2012), Salgado et al. (2012), Haluza et al. (2012), Ibiricu et al. (2015), Salisbury et al. (2016), Ibrahim et al. (2017); to Nigersaurinae by Mannion et al. (2019); and to Rebbachisaurinae by Wilson and Allain (2015), Fanti et al. (2015), Lerzo et al. (2024).