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Protorosauria
Taxonomy
Protorosauria was named by Huxley (1871).
It was corrected as Protorosauri by Jaekel (1910), Jaekel (1911).
It was assigned to Diaptosauria by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904); to Protorosauria by Jaekel (1910); to Holosauria by Jaekel (1911); to Prosauria by Perrier (1928); to Parapsida by Williston (1917), Roxo (1937); to Reptilia by Kuhn (1946); to Synaptosauria by Haughton and Brink (1954); to Theromorphoidea by Huene (1954); to Lepidosauria by Kuhn (1966); to Lepidosauria by Haubold (1974); to Archosauromorpha by Gauthier et al. (1989), Renesto (2005), Renesto et al. (2010), Ezcurra et al. (2014); and to Archosauromorpha by Chatterjee (1986), Carroll (1988), Li et al. (2017).
It was corrected as Protorosauri by Jaekel (1910), Jaekel (1911).
It was assigned to Diaptosauria by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904); to Protorosauria by Jaekel (1910); to Holosauria by Jaekel (1911); to Prosauria by Perrier (1928); to Parapsida by Williston (1917), Roxo (1937); to Reptilia by Kuhn (1946); to Synaptosauria by Haughton and Brink (1954); to Theromorphoidea by Huene (1954); to Lepidosauria by Kuhn (1966); to Lepidosauria by Haubold (1974); to Archosauromorpha by Gauthier et al. (1989), Renesto (2005), Renesto et al. (2010), Ezcurra et al. (2014); and to Archosauromorpha by Chatterjee (1986), Carroll (1988), Li et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1871 | Protorosauria Huxley |
| 1887 | Proterosauria Seeley |
| 1898 | Proterosauria Woodward p. 141 |
| 1903 | Protorosauria Osborn p. 456 |
| 1904 | Proterosauria Lull p. 482 |
| 1904 | Protorosauria Osborn p. 108 |
| 1910 | Protorosauri Jaekel p. 331 |
| 1911 | Protorosauri Jaekel p. 142 |
| 1917 | Protorosauria Williston p. 420 |
| 1928 | Protorosauria Perrier p. 3117 |
| 1937 | Protorosauria Roxo p. 43 |
| 1946 | Protorosauria Kuhn p. 60 |
| 1954 | Protorosauria Haughton and Brink p. 3 |
| 1954 | Protorosauria Huene p. 40 |
| 1966 | Protorosauria Kuhn p. 39 |
| 1974 | Protorosauria Haubold p. 35 |
| 1986 | Protorosauria Chatterjee p. 309 |
| 1988 | Protorosauria Carroll |
| 1989 | Protorosauria Gauthier et al. p. 345 |
| 2005 | Protorosauria Renesto p. 378 |
| 2010 | Protorosauria Renesto et al. p. 58 |
| 2014 | Protorosauria Ezcurra et al. |
| 2017 | Protorosauria Li et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Protorosauria Huxley 1871
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Fm. †Protorosauridae Cope 1871
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G. †Microcnemus Huene 1940
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G. †Tridentinosaurus Dal Piaz 1931
Invalid names: Thecodontosaurus primus Huene 1905 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Sharovipterygidae Tatarinov 1989
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Invalid names: Proterosauria Seeley 1887 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| H. F. Osborn 1903 | Ambulatory; probably carnivorous Diaptosauria; neck short, 6-7 cervicals; vertebrae mostly amphicoelous; hypocentra; strong pelvic attachment of dorsally expanded ilium and 3-2 sacral vertebra; ischium and pubis more or les continuous; 2 proximial and 5-4 distal tarsalia; interclavicle rhombic anteriorly; humerus with ectepicondylar (radiocondylar) foramen. | |
| R. S. Lull 1904 (Proterosauria) | Quadrupedal in gait; manus generally much smaller than the pes and five fingered though all may not always impress. Pes with four digits, generally dinosauroid in form, though plantigrade. Limbs generally long. | |
| E. Perrier 1928 | Vertèbres solides; partie tuberculaire des côles réduite; un trou épicondylien à l'humérus. Pas d'armature dermique dorsale. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Renesto 2005, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Collections (16 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asselian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon) | Aphelosaurus lutevensis (171350) | |
| Induan | Russian Federation (Nizhegorod) | Microcnemus sp. (28396) | |
| Induan | Russian Federation (Nizhnii Novgorod) | Microcnemus sp. (94247) | |
| Induan | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Microcnemus sp. (37037) | |
| Induan | Poland (West Pomerania) | Microcnemus sp. (134299) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Vologda) | Microcnemus efremovi (93775) Microcnemus efremovi, Chasmatosuchus parvus (28479) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Samara) | Microcnemus sp. (195786) | |
| Anisian | China (Yunnan) | Pectodens zhenyuensis (194784) | |
| Anisian | Poland (Opolskie) | Thecodontosaurus primus (96435) | |
| Ladinian | China (Yunnan) | Fuyuansaurus acutirostris (106668) | |
| Carnian | Poland (Slaskie) | Ozimek sp. (110467) | |
| Carnian - Norian | India (Telangana) | Malerisaurus robinsonae (106521) | |
| Tuvalian | Poland (Opole) | Ozimek volans (61449) | |
| Norian | USA (Texas) | Malerisaurus sp. (218126 218146) |