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Chamaeleonidae (chameleon)
Taxonomy
Chamaeleonidae was named by Gray (1825). It is extant.
It was corrected as Chamaeleontidae by Cope (1875), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Perrier (1928).
It was assigned to Rhiptoglossa by Cope (1871), Cope (1875); to Chamaeleontes by Gadow (1898); to Rhiptoglossi by Hay (1902); to Vermilinguii by Perrier (1928); to Chamaeleonoidae by Hay (1930); to Rhiptoglossa by Kuhn (1946); to Iguania by Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983), Carroll (1988); to Lacertilia by Zittel (1890), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Chamaeleonoidea by Alifanov (1996); to Acrodonta by Lee and Caldwell (2000); and to Iguania by Böhme (2010).
It was corrected as Chamaeleontidae by Cope (1875), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Perrier (1928).
It was assigned to Rhiptoglossa by Cope (1871), Cope (1875); to Chamaeleontes by Gadow (1898); to Rhiptoglossi by Hay (1902); to Vermilinguii by Perrier (1928); to Chamaeleonoidae by Hay (1930); to Rhiptoglossa by Kuhn (1946); to Iguania by Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983), Carroll (1988); to Lacertilia by Zittel (1890), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Chamaeleonoidea by Alifanov (1996); to Acrodonta by Lee and Caldwell (2000); and to Iguania by Böhme (2010).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Chamaeleonidae Gray |
| 1871 | Chamaeleonidae Cope p. 236 |
| 1875 | Chamaeleontidae Cope p. 17 |
| 1890 | Chamaeleontidae Zittel p. 607 |
| 1898 | Chamaeleontidae Gadow p. 28 |
| 1902 | Chamaeleonidae Hay p. 478 |
| 1928 | Chamaeleontidae Perrier p. 3101 |
| 1930 | Chamaelonidae Hay p. 247 |
| 1946 | Chamaeleonidae Kuhn p. 61 |
| 1966 | Chamaeleonidae Kuhn p. 50 |
| 1983 | Chamaeleonidae Estes |
| 1988 | Chamaeleonidae Carroll |
| 1996 | Chamaeleonidae Alifanov p. 467 |
| 1996 | Chamaeleonidae Frank and Ramus |
| 2000 | Chamaeleonidae Lee and Caldwell |
| 2010 | Chamaeleonidae Böhme p. 18 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Chamaeleonidae Gray 1825 [chameleon]
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G. Brookesia Gray 1864 [Leaf chameleon]
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Brookesia superciliaris Kuhl 1820 [Brown leaf chameleon]
G. Chamaeleo Laurenti 1768
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†Chamaeleo andrusovi Čerňanský 2010
†Chamaeleo bavaricus Schleich 1983
Chamaeleo chameleon Linneaus 1758 [Common chameleon]
Chamaeleo dilepis Leach 1819 [Flapneck chameleon]
Chamaeleo monachus Gray 1865 [Socotran chameleon]
Invalid names: Chamaeleo caroliquarti Moody and Roček 1980 [nomen dubium], Chamaeleo pfeili Schleich 1984 [nomen dubium]
G. Rhampholeon Gunther 1874 [Stumptail chameleons]
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Rhampholeon spectrum Buchholz 1874 [Cameroon stumptail chameleon]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| E. Perrier 1928 | Caractères du Sous-Ordre. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 3 to the top of the Holocene or 20.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 16.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 16.9 Ma
Collections (29 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burdigalian | Turkey (Aydin) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 2 (230515) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 1, Chamaeleo caroliquarti, Chamaeleo pfeili (69098) | |
| Burdigalian | Kenya | Calumma benovskyi (113557) | |
| Burdigalian | Greece | Chamaeleonidae indet., Chamaeleo andrusovi (68032) | |
| Burdigalian | Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia) | Chamaeleonidae indet. (199780 199781 199782) | |
| MN 3 | Turkey (Manisa) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 1 (69303) | |
| MN 3 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti (68040) | |
| Orleanian | Czech Republic (Ústí nad Labem) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti (48173) | |
| Orleanian | Germany (Hesse) | Chamaeleonidae indet., Chamaeleo andrusovi (228327) | |
| MN 4 | Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary) | Chamaeleo caroliquarti, Chamaeleo andrusovi (138666) | |
| MN 4 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 2 (28629) | |
| MN 4 | Austria (Styria) | Chamaeleonidae indet. (74538) | |
| Langhian | Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 3 (199608) | |
| Langhian | Germany (Bayern) | Chamaeleo sp. (45612 45613) | |
| Langhian | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo bavaricus, Chamaeleo caroliquarti (34615) Chamaeleo caroliquarti (135038) | |
| MN 5 | Germany (Bavaria) | Chamaeleo sp. (205187) | |
| MN 5 | Turkey (Bursa) | Chamaeleonidae indet. 3 (68547) | |
| MN 5 | Germany | Chameleontidae indet., Chamaeleonidae tooth morphotype 1, Chamaeleonidae tooth morphotype 2, Chamaeleo andrusovi (46955) | |
| Serravallian | Kenya (Central Nyanza) | Chameleontidae indet. (21340) | |
| Zanclean | South Africa | Chameleontidae indet. (22221 22222) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Israel | Chamaeleo chamaeleon (192424 192425) | |
| Holocene | Yemen | Chamaeleo monachus (169046 234349) |