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Elaphe

Reptilia - Colubridae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1833Elaphe Wagler
1888Elaphis Lydekker p. 251
1905Elaphis boulei De Stefano
1938Palaeoelaphe Gilmore
1979Elaphe Behler and King
1984Elaphe Rage p. 46
1985Elaphe Bachmayer and Szyndlar p. 80
1985Elaphe Holman
1985Elaphe Szyndlar p. 448
1987Elaphe Bachmayer and Szyndlar p. 26
1988Elaphe Carroll
1995Elaphe Parmley and Holman p. 84
2010Elaphe Parmley and Hunter p. 531

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Squamata()
suborderOphidia(Latreille 1804)
—Serpentes(Linnaeus 1758)
familyColubridae
subfamilyColubrinae
genusElapheWagler 1833

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Elaphe Wagler 1833
show all | hide all
†Elaphe algorensis Szyndlar 1985
†Elaphe buisi Holman 1973
Elaphe guttata Linnaeus 1766 [corn snake]
†Elaphe kansensis Gilmore 1938
†Elaphe kohfidischi Bachmayer and Szyndlar 1985
†Elaphe kormosi Bolkay 1913
†Elaphe longissima Laurenti 1768
†Elaphe nebraskensis Holman 1964
Elaphe obsoleta Say 1823 [black rat snake]
†Elaphe paralongissima Szyndlar 1984
†Elaphe parreyssii Fitzinger 1833
†Elaphe pliocenica Holman 1968
†Elaphe praelongissima Venczel 1994
Elaphe quatuorlineata Lacépède 1789 [four-lined snake]
†Elaphe szyndlari Venczel 1998
Elaphe vulpina Baird and Girard 1853 [fox snake]
Invalid names: Elaphis boulei De Stefano 1905 [nomen dubium], Palaeoelaphe Gilmore 1938 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingg
Diet: carnivoreg
Created: 2005-09-06 15:56:48
Modified: 2005-09-06 17:56:48
Source: g = genus, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Carroll 1988, Behler and King 1979, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Holocene or 16.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.98 Ma

Collections (140 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Orleanian20.0 - 15.98Czech Republic (Ústí nad Labem) E. sp. (48173)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) E. nebraskensis (18102 18141 18206 18208 18275 18284 27507) E. sp. (18031)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Texas) E. nebraskensis (18646 18664)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (South Dakota) E. nebraskensis (18303)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5Canada (Saskatchewan) E. nebraskensis (18759)
MN 515.98 - 13.82Austria E. kohfidischi (51002)
MN 515.98 - 13.82Germany (Baden-Württemberg) E. sp. (48325)
Langhian - Serravallian15.98 - 11.63France (Midi-Pyrenees) E. sp. (32191)
MN 6 - MN 7 + 813.82 - 11.1Hungary (Nograd) E. sp. (167497 167509 167512)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1France (Rhône-Alpes) E. sp. 1, E. sp. 2 (79360)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Kansas) E. sp. (18450)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) E. sp., E. kansensis (18327)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Florida) E. sp. (18554)
Vallesian11.63 - 8.725Ukraine (Khmel'nitsk'yi) E. sp. (48446)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Moldova E. sp. (230517)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Moldova (Tighina Departement) E. sp. (36143)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Nebraska) E. nebraskensis (18225)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Kansas) Palaeoelaphe kansensis (18237)
Late/Upper Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Oklahoma) E. obsoleta, E. buisi (18076)
Late/Upper Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Nebraska) E. guttata (18247) E. obsoleta (18359) E. obsoleta, E. guttata (18126)
Late/Upper Hemphillian - Blancan9.4 - 1.4USA (Indiana) E. sp. (18320)
MN 118.725 - 7.9Austria (Burgenland) E. kohfidischi (37789)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Spain E. algorensis (28625)
Turolian8.725 - 5.09Hungary E. praelongissima (48296) E. szyndlari (48295) E. szyndlari, E. praelongissima (48294)
MN 127.9 - 6.965Ukraine (Odessa) E. kochfidischi, E. kohfidischi (48175)
MN 127.9 - 6.965Hungary (Komárom-Esztergom) E. kormosi, E. praelongissima (167676)
MN 136.965 - 5.09Hungary (Central Transdanubia) Coluber kormosi, E. praelongissima (69917)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6China (Henan) E. sp. 1, E. sp. 2 (230663) E. sp. 3 (230662)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Hungary (North Hungary) E. praelongissima (136066) E. sp. (136068) E. sp., E. kormosi, E. praelongissima (136067)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Japan E. taeniura (55664)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) E. sp. (36014)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117France (Midi-Pyrenees) E. sp. (35076)
MN 145.09 - 4.16Poland Colubrinae indet. (32240)
MN 14 - MN 155.09 - 3.55Poland E. longissima (33873)
Ruscinian - Villafranchian5.09 - 1.8Hungary (Barany) E. quatuorlineata (35354)
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Kansas) E. obsoleta (19922 19929 19931 19936 19940) E. sp. (19930)
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Idaho) E. vulpina, E. pliocenica (140258)
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Washington) E. vulpina, E. pliocenica (20062)
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Nebraska) E. guttata (27572) E. vulpina (19960) E. vulpina, E. guttata (19954)
MN 154.16 - 3.55Slovakia (Trenčín) E. quatuorlineata (34255)
MN 154.16 - 3.55Ukraine (Odessa) E. sp. (168015)
MN 154.16 - 3.55Poland E. longissima (33872) E. sp. (33396)
MN 154.16 - 3.55Moldova E. sp. (50941)
MN 15 - MN 164.16 - 2.245Poland (Siedlce) E. paralongissima (34840)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58France E. longissima (49096)
MN 163.55 - 2.245Poland E. sp. (33473)
MN 163.55 - 2.245Ukraine (Odessa) E. sp. (168021)
MN 163.55 - 2.245Austria (Lower Austria) E. sp. (167680)
Villafranchian3.55 - 1.8Greece E. longissima, E. quatuorlineata (34592)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8USA (Kansas) E. obsoleta (19927)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774China (Anhui) E. sp. (68380)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Poland E. sp., E. longissima (33480)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Germany (Thüringen) E. longissima (43020 45063 45067)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Greece E. situla, E. longissima (34767)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Croatia (Istria) E. sp., E. longissima, E. quatuorlineata (40500)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Georgia E. sp. (56733)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Poland E. longissima (33874 48550 48552 195226)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) E. sp. (123875) E. vulpina (124319)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Greece (Crete) E. situla (183122)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117China (Hebei) E. schrenckii, E. dione (206121)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Poland (Krakow) E. longissima (48542 48543)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) E. sp. (65405)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Poland E. longissima (48545)
MN 172.245 - 1.8Poland E. sp., E. longissima (32485)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Pennsylvania) E. sp., E. vulpina (20354)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Texas) E. guttata (20337)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (South Dakota) E. vulpina (20389)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Florida) E. sp. (20400)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Maryland) E. vulpina (20302)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Oklahoma) E. vulpina (20157)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Kansas) E. obsoleta (20165 20391) E. vulpina (20422)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Arkansas) E. sp., E. vulpina, E. guttata (20290)
Middle Pleistocene (glacial)0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) E. sp. (75974)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom E. longissima (195119)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Greece (Peloponnesos) E. longissima (200081)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Alpes Maritimes) E. longissima (195237)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Midi-Pyrenees) E. longissima (195223) E. sp. (195222)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (West Stow) E. longissima (195118)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur) E. longissima (84938)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (Florida) E. obsoleta, E. guttata (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) E. obsoleta (103358) E. sp., E. guttata (82258)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Kansas) E. obsoleta (20605)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Poland (Krakow) E. longissima (33979)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (New Mexico) E. quttata (93139)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117France (Haute-Pyrenees) E. longissima (125313)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Poland E. longissima (33976)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) E. guttata (154922 154936 155346 155347) E. sp. (20638)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Peloponnesus) E. quatorlineata (184245)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Missouri) E. vulpina (75995)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) E. sp. (20650)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) E. obsoleta, E. guttata (76101)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Kansas) E. obsoleta (76049)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) E. sp., E. vulpina, E. guttata (84181)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Crete) E. longissima (195229) E. situla (182810)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Elaphe indet. (13066)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom E. longissima (93816)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Poland E. longissima (48554)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Germany (Bayern) E. sp. (52490 52516)