PBDB Taxon

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Didymoconida

Mammalia - Didymoconida

Taxonomy

Didymoconidae was named by Kretzoi (1943). It is not extant.

It was reranked as the order Didymoconida by Lopatin (2001) and Lopatin (2006).

It was assigned to Palaeoryctoidea by Van Valen (1967) and Mellett and Szalay (1968); to Mesonychoidea by Gingerich (1982); to Mesonychia by Lopatin (1997); to Eutheria by Lopatin (2001); and to Insectivora by Lopatin (2006).

Subtaxa

Archaeoryctes, Ardynictinae, Ardynictis, Didymoconinae, Didymoconus berkeyi, Hsiangolestes, Hunanictis, Jiajianictis, Kennatheriinae, Wanolestes, Zeuctherium

Synonyms

Tshelkariidae was named by Gromova (1960). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Didymoconidae by Van Valen (1967).
Didymoconus berkeyi was named by Matthew and Granger (1924). Its type specimen is AMNH 19001, a mandible (Lower jaws), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Loh, which is in an Oligocene terrestrial horizon in the Hsanda Gol Formation of Mongolia.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lopatin (1997).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1924	Didymoconus berkeyi Matthew and Granger
1943	Didymoconidae Kretzoi
1960	Tshelkariidae Gromova
1967	Didymoconidae Van Valen
1968	Didymoconidae Mellett and Szalay
1982	Didymoconidae Gingerich p. 708
1997	Didymoconidae Lopatin
2001	Didymoconida Lopatin
2006	Didymoconida Lopatin

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967

Rank	Name	Author
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
order	Didymoconida	(Kretzoi 1943)
order	Didymoconida	(Kretzoi 1943)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Didymoconida Kretzoi 1943

show all | hide all

G. †Archaeoryctes Zheng 1979

†Archaeoryctes borealis Meng 1990

†Archaeoryctes euryalis Lopatin 2001

†Archaeoryctes notialis Zheng 1979

†Archaeoryctes wangi Missiaen et al. 2013

Subfm. †Ardynictinae Lopatin 1997

G. †Mongoloryctes Van Valen 1966

G. †Ardynictis Matthew and Granger 1925

†Ardynictis captor Lopatin 2003

†Ardynictis furunculus Matthew and Granger 1925

†Ardynictis zhaii Tong 1997

Subfm. †Didymoconinae Lopatin 1997

G. †Archaeomangus Lopatin 1997

†Archaeomangus ulanhureensis Lopatin 1997

G. †Didymoconus Matthew and Granger 1924

†Didymoconus colgatei Matthew and Granger 1924

Invalid names: Tshelkaria robusta Gromova 1960 [synonym]

†Didymoconus gromovae Lopatin 1997

†Didymoconus rostrata Gromova 1960

Invalid names: Tshelkaria Gromova 1960 [synonym]

G. †Ergilictis Lopatin 1997

†Ergilictis reshetovi Lopatin 1997

G. †Tshotgoria Lopatin 1997

†Tshotgoria shineusensis Lopatin 1997

G. †Hsiangolestes Zheng and Huang 1984

†Hsiangolestes youngi Zheng and Huang 1984

G. †Hunanictis Li et al. 1979

†Hunanictis inexpectatus Li et al. 1979

G. †Jiajianictis Tong 1997

†Jiajianictis muricatus Tong 1997

Subfm. †Kennatheriinae Lopatin 2006

G. †Erlikotherium Lopatin 2006

†Erlikotherium edentatum Lopatin 2006

G. †Kennatherium Mellett and Szalay 1968

†Kennatherium shirense Mellett and Szalay 1968

G. †Khaichinula Lopatin 2006

†Khaichinula lupula Lopatin 2006

G. †Wanolestes Huang and Zheng 2002

†Wanolestes lii Huang and Zheng 2002

G. †Zeuctherium Tang and Yan 1976

†Zeuctherium niteles Tang and Yan 1976

Invalid names: Didymoconus berkeyi Matthew and Granger 1924 [nomen dubium], Tshelkariidae Gromova 1960 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialsubc

Diet:

insectivoresubc

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-09-06 20:43:42

Modified:

2005-09-06 22:44:32

Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Paleocene to the top of the Early/Lower Miocene or 66.00000 to 15.97000 Ma

Collections (38 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Paleocene	66.0 - 61.7	China (Anhui)	Archaeoryctes wangi (174644) Zeuctherium niteles (132946)
Middle Paleocene	61.7 - 58.7	China (Anhui)	Wanolestes lii (132939)
Middle Paleocene	61.7 - 58.7	China (Jiangxi)	Archaeoryctes notialis (139616 176612)
Late/Upper Paleocene	58.7 - 55.8	Mongolia (Omnogov)	Archaeoryctes euryalis (37008)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	China (Nei Mongol)	Archaeoryctes borealis (174645)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	China (Hunan)	Hsiangolestes youngi, Hunanictis inexpectatus (87239) Hunanictis inexpectatus (180726)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Mongolia (Ovorhangai)	Ardynictis captor, Kennatherium shirensis, Khaichinula lupula, Erlikotherium edentatum (93596) Khaichinula lupula (174740)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	China (Nei Mongol)	Kennatherium shirehensis (28792)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Mongolia	Kennatherium shirensis (127656)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mongolia (Dornogov)	Ergilictis reshetovi (174647)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mongolia	Ardynictis furunculus (73781)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene	37.2 - 28.4	China (Henan)	Didymoconinae indet., Ardynictis zhaii, Jiajianictis muricatus (174738)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Kazakhstan (Aktyubinskaya)	Didymoconus gromovae (174646)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	China (Ningxia)	Didymoconus sp. (182895)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	China (Nei Mongol)	Didymoconus sp. (175386 175387) Didymoconus sp., Didymoconus berkeyi (174759)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Mongolia	Archaeomangus ulanhureensis (174649) Didymoconus berkeyi, Didymoconus colgatei (53979)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Mongolia (Övörkhangai)	Didymoconus berkey (182131) Didymoconus colgatei (75595 135790 201185) Ergilictis sp. (175169)
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	China (Gansu)	Didymoconus berkeyi (175379) Didymoconus sp. (175388)
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	Mongolia	Didymoconidae indet. (183913) Didymoconus berkey, Didymoconus berkeyi (176447) Didymoconus berkeyi (176448) Didymoconus colgatei (75588 176446) Tshotgoria shineusensis (174650)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.03 - 15.97	Mongolia	Didymoconidae indet. (182090) Didymoconus berkeyi (176449)