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Psammechinus

Echinoidea - Camarodonta - Echinidae

Taxonomy
Psammechinus was named as a genus. It is extant.

It was reranked as Echinus (Psammechinus) by Agassiz and Desor (1867).

It was assigned to Echinus by Agassiz and Desor (1867); to Triplechinidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Echinidae by Cooke (1941), Fell and Pawson (1966) and Kier (1997); and to Echinoida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1867Echinus (Psammechinus) Agassiz and Desor
1915Psammechinus Clark and Twitchell p. 63
1941Psammechinus Cooke p. 15
1966Psammechinus Fell and Pawson p. U433
1997Psammechinus Kier p. 5
2002Psammechinus Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
RankNameAuthor
classEchinoidea()
subclassEuechinoideaBronn 1860
—Echinacea()
orderCamarodonta
infraorderEchinidea
familyEchinidae
genusPsammechinus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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†Psammechinus dubius Agassiz 1840
†Psammechinus exoletus McCrady 1857
†Psammechinus ocalanus Cooke 1941
†Psammechinus santee Cooke 1941
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: epifaunalc
Diet: grazerc
Diet 2: deposit feederc
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Created: 2004-02-28 12:05:24
Modified: 2010-02-12 04:00:29
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Aberhan 1992, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Valanginian to the top of the Zanclean or 139.80000 to 3.60000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 136.4 Ma

Collections (48 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Switzerland P. tenuis (2225)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Switzerland P. tenuis (2247)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9France P. tenuis (2222)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Switzerland P. hyselli (2201)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4France P. montmollini (2209)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Switzerland P. sp. (2229)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Brazil P. sp. (140839)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6France (Aquitaine) P. sp. (87750)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0USA (New Jersey) P. cingulatus (3113)
Casamayoran56.0 - 48.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) P. tournoueri, P. iheringi (50067)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (South Carolina) P. santee (203664)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Georgia) P. ocalanus (57927)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333Argentina (Santa Cruz) P. iheringi (50072)
Oligocene - Pliocene33.9 - 2.588Argentina (Santa Cruz) P. lahillei (50076)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03USA (Alabama) P. floralanus (203665)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (North Carolina) P. carolinensis (86499 151325)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97Italy (Sardinia) P. sp. (187426 187428)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97France P. dubius (66288) P. sp. (59265)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Egypt P. dubius (47998)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Switzerland P. dubius (72322 72420)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) P. sp. (35018)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Italy (Sardinia) P. sp. (187431)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Austria P. dubius (55394)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62France P. neuvillei (34609)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Spain P. subrogosus (34469)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Cyprus P. sp. (71885 71895)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Algeria P. rugosus (70864) P. sp. (69864 70786 70882 70884) P. subrugosus (70879)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy P. sp. (69922 70513)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Morocco P. sp. (69860)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) P. philanthropus (52582)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) P. philanthropus (60940)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Virginia) P. philanthopus (155888) P. philanthropus (155878 155881 155887 155892)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588USA (South Carolina) P. exoletus (203666)