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Phyllacanthus

Echinoidea - Cidaroida - Cidaridae

Taxonomy
Phyllacanthus was named by Brandt [Sepkoski's age data: J Kimm R Sepkoski's reference number: 577]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Cidaridae by Cooke (1941); to Rhabdocidarinae by Nisiyama (1966), Fell (1966), Kier (1980); to Cidarinae by Donovan (1993); and to Cidaroida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1941Phyllacanthus Cooke p. 3
1966Phyllacanthus Fell p. U330
1966Phyllacanthus Nisiyama p. 172
1980Phyllacanthus Kier p. 16
1993Phyllacanthus Donovan p. 95
2002Phyllacanthus Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
—Echinozoa()
RankNameAuthor
classEchinoidea()
subclassCidaroidea(Claus 1880)
orderCidaroida()
superfamilyCidarideaGray 1825
familyCidaridae
—Cidarinae(Gray 1825)
genusPhyllacanthusBrandt

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Phyllacanthus Brandt
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†Phyllacanthus clarkei Chapman and Cudmore 1934
†Phyllacanthus imperialis Lamarck 1816
†Phyllacanthus javanus Martin 1885
†Phyllacanthus leoni Lambert and Sanchez Roig 1926
†Phyllacanthus mitchelli Emmonds 1858
†Phyllacanthus mortoni Conrad 1850
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calciteo
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: slow-movingo
Life habit: low-level epifaunalo
Diet: grazero
Diet 2: omnivoreo
Vision: limitedc
Dispersal: watero
Dispersal 2: planktonico
Created: 2004-02-28 12:08:25
Modified: 2009-12-13 03:42:21
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan 1992

Age range: base of the Valanginian to the top of the Pleistocene or 139.80000 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections (48 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Portugal P. salviensis (65673 65715)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Portugal P. salviensis (65745 65773 65853 65856)
Late/Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0Jamaica P. leoni (73169)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Jamaica P. leoni (73148 73168)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) P. mitchellii, P. carolinensis (5449)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Florida) P. mortoni (49882)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Alabama) P. mortoni (203660)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Florida) P. mortoni (34992) P. sp. (92785)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene37.2 - 28.4USA (Georgia) P. mortoni (203465)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44New Zealand P. titan (146336 146337 146338 146340 146342 146343 146344 146346 146347)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil P. priscus (112581)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil (Para) P. priscus (65162 112577)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Micronesia, Federated States of (Mariana Islands) P. javanus (204375)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Cuba Leiocidaris leoni (91134)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Egypt P. sp. (48004)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Brazil (Para) P. priscus (58454)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Australia (Western Australia) P. clarkeii (63294)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Fiji P. imperialis (68292 68293 68295 68296 68313 68314 68315 68326 68329 68330)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Vanuatu Cidaris imperialis (77902)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia P. baculosa (70098 70099)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Fiji P. imperalis (68180) P. imperialis (68181)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Palau P. imperialis (204376)