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Characiphysae

Actinopteri

Taxonomy
Characiphysae is a superorder. It is extant.

It was assigned to Otophysa by Betancur et al. (2013).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2013Characiphysae Betancur et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
RankNameAuthor
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
—Teleocephalade Pinna 1996
—ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
—Otocephala
superorderOstariophysiJordan and Evermann 1896
—Otophysi
superorderCharaciphysae
superorderCharaciphysae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superor. Characiphysae
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Or. Characiformes Regan 1911
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Invalid names: Acestrorhynchinae [empty], Heterocharacinae [empty], Roestinae [empty]
Superfm. Alestoidea
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G. Hydrocynus Cuvier 1816
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G. Colossoma Cuvier 1818
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Invalid names: Agoniatinae [empty], Aphyocharacinae [empty], Aphyoditeinae [empty], Bryconinae [empty], Characinae [empty], Cheirodontinae [empty], Clupeacharacinae [empty], Gymnocharacinae [empty], Iguanodectinae [empty], Rhoadsiinae [empty], Stethaprioninae [empty], Stevardiinae [empty], Tetragonopterinae Lundberg 1997 [empty]
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Invalid names: Charcidiinae [empty], Crenuchinae [empty]
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G. Hydrolycus Lundberg 1997
G. Rhaphiodon Agassiz 1829
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G. Hoplias Gill 1903
Superfm. Erythrinoidea
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G. Leporinus Lundberg 1997
Invalid names: Curimatidae [empty]
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Invalid names: Bivibranchiini [empty], Hemiodontini [empty]
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Invalid names: Lebiasininae [empty], Pyrrhulininae [empty]
Fm. Serrasalmidae Günther 1864
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G. †Megapiranha Cione et al. 2009
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†Megapiranha paranensis Cione et al. 2009
G. Mylossoma Eigenmann and Kennedy 1903
G. Piaractus Eigenmann 1903
Invalid names: Bryconidae [empty], Chalceidae [empty], Characoidea [empty], Chilodontidae Eigenmann 1912 [empty], Crenuchoidea [empty], Ctenoluciidae [empty], Gasteropelecidae [empty], Hepsetidae [empty], Parodontidae [empty], Prochilodontidae [empty], Triportheidae [empty]
Subor. Citharinoidei Buckup 1998
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G. †Eocitharinus Murray 2003
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Invalid names: Citharinidae [empty], Distichodontidae [empty]
G. Miletes Heckel 1849
G. Rhodsia Fowler 1911
G. †Santanichthys Silva Santos 1991
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†Santanichthys diasii Silva Santos 1958
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Invalid names: Gymnotidae [empty]
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Invalid names: Apteronotidae [empty], Rhamphichthyidae [empty], Sternopygidae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Campanian to the top of the Calabrian or 83.60000 to 0.77400 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 72.2 Ma

Collections (146 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Utah) Characiformes indet. (14466)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Characiformes indet. (74660)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Sudan (Ash Shamaliyah) Characiformes indet. (38682)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Brazil (São Paulo) Characiformes indet. (230676)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Romania (Alba) Characiformes indet. (115074)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Romania (Hunedoara) Characidae indet. (67811)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Bolivia (Cochabamba) Characoidei indet., Tetragonopterinae indet. (12855)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Brazil (Minas Gerais) Characiformes indet. (83250)
Danian66.0 - 61.66Bolivia (Mizque) Hoplias sp., Rhodsia sp., Miletes sp. (13501)
Thanetian59.24 - 56.0Bolivia Serrasalmidae indet., Erythrinidae indet. (176065)
Thanetian - Ypresian59.24 - 48.07Peru (Puno) Tetragonopterinae indet. (28230 132938)
Ypresian56.0 - 48.07Algeria Characidae indet. (71984)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.03Algeria (Bechar region) Characiformes indet. (77014)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Tanzania Eocitharinus macrognathus (31499)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Namibia (Sperrgebiet) Hydrocynus sp. (149173)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71Peru (Loreto) Characiformes dome-like teeth, Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes acuminate teeth, Colossoma sp., Hydrolycus sp. (176140) Characiformes pad-like teeth, Leporinus sp. (176151)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71Peru Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes indet. (176141) Characiformes indet., Leporinus sp. (176136) Cynodontidae indet. (176154) Leporinus sp. (176139)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene48.07 - 33.9Libya (Sirt) Characiformes indet., Alestidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (187328) Characiformes indet., Hydrocynus sp. (187327) Hydrocynus sp. (175361 175362)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Characoidei indet. (39014)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Peru (San Martín) Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (225589)
Late/Upper Eocene37.71 - 33.9Peru (San Martin) Characiformes indet., Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (225588)
Priabonian - Rupelian37.71 - 27.3Peru (Loreto) Characiformes croc-like teeth, Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes pad-like teeth, Characiformes acuminate teeth, Leporinus sp. (144474)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3Peru Characiformes indet. 2, Characiformes indet. 3, Characiformes indet. 4, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (199559) Characiformes indet. 4, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (199563 225590) Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (199561)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3Oman (Dhofar) Characiformes indet. (162464)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.04Peru Characiformes indet. 2, Characiformes indet. 3, Characiformes indet. 4, Anostomidae indet. sp 1, Anostomidae indet. sp 2, Hydrolycus sp. (199560) Characiformes indet. 2, Characiformes indet. 4, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (199562)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.04Peru (Loreto) Characiformes hook-like tooth, Characiformes dome-like teeth, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176129)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04Peru (Loreto) Characiformes dome-like tooth, Characiformes pad-like teeth, Characiformes tricuspid teeth, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176147) Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes pad-like teeth, Erythrinidae indet., Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176130)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04Kenya Alestidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (174672)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04Peru Anostomidae indet. (176155) Hydrolycus sp. (176148)
Late/Upper Oligocene27.3 - 23.04Tanzania (Mbeya) Alestidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (190951)
Miocene - Pliocene23.04 - 2.58Uganda Characidae indet. (22344) Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22247 22396 22398 22400 22405 22419 22433) Hydrocynus sp. (22214 22217 22218 22245 22392 22422 22437 22457)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Peru Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes pad-like teeth, Characiformes acuminate teeth, Anostomidae indet., Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176149)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Uganda Alestidae indet. (192070)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Colombia (La Guajira) Serrasalmidae sp., Characidae sp. (166506)
Langhian15.98 - 13.82Colombia (Guajira) Mylossoma sp., Piaractus brachypomus (190376)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Peru (Loreto) Colossoma macropomum (224013) Hoplias sp., Serrasalmidae indet., Colossoma macropomum (224012) Serrasalmidae indet., Characidae indet., Cynodontidae indet., Mylossoma sp. (224007) Serrasalmidae indet., Colossoma macropomum (224009) Serrasalmidae indet., Cynodontidae indet. (224010)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Peru Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes pad-like teeth, Characiformes acuminate teeth, Anostomidae indet., Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176135)
Middle Miocene - Tortonian15.98 - 7.246Peru Characiformes indet. (176144)
Serravallian - Tortonian13.82 - 7.246Peru Characiformes hook-like teeth, Anostomidae indet., Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176156) Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes croc-like teeth, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176143)
Laventan13.8 - 11.0Colombia (Huila) Characidae indet., Colossoma macropomum, Hydrolycus sp., Tetragonopterinae indet. (186683) Colossoma macropomum (186447 186669) Hydrolycus sp. (186678) Leporinus sp. (186679)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Colossoma sp. (55602)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Venezuela Serrasalmidae indet. (200110 200111)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Peru Characiformes croc-like teeth, Anostomidae tricuspid teeth, Anostomidae hexacuspid teeth, Hydrolycus sp. (176162) Characiformes hook-like teeth, Characiformes pentacuspid teeth, Characiformes croc-like teeth, Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp. (176133)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Uganda Hydrocynus sp. (22358 22443)
Tortonian - Messinian11.63 - 5.333Kenya Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22241)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.63 - 3.6Uganda Hydrocynus sp. (22345)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.63 - 3.6Chad Hydrocynus sp. (24181)
Huayquerian8.0 - 5.0Argentina (Entre Rios) Cynodontidae indet., Colossoma macropomus (55600) Megapiranha paranensis (140471 140472)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Chad Hydrocynus sp. (59839)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Kenya Hydrocynus sp. (22242)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6Tanzania Hydrocynus sp. (22042 22058)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22240) Hydrocynus sp. (21406 21510)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Congo-Kinshasa Hydrocynus sp. (22198)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Uganda Characidae indet. (22250) Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22258) Hydrocynus sp. (22257 22265)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.58Kenya Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22235 22239)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Congo-Kinshasa Characidae indet., Hydrocynus sp. (22122 22346) Hydrocynus sp. (22207)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Uganda Hydrocynus sp. (22202 22203 22209)
Montehermosan5.0 - 3.8Argentina (Buenos Aires) Characidae indet. (152081 198863)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Egypt Hydrocynus sp. (22592)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58Venezuela (Falcon) Hoplias sp., Serrasalmidae indet., Mylossoma sp. (122033)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Ethiopia Hydrocynus sp. (21546)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Kenya Hydrocynus sp. (21425 21432 21436 21485 21509)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Colombia (La Guajira) Serrasalmidae sp., Characidae sp., Hydrolycus scomberoides, Hydrolycus sp., Rhaphiodon sp. (166508)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117Uganda Hydrocynus sp. (22178)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Kenya Hydrocynus sp. (21398 21412 21418 21420 21451 21457 21461 21478 21483 21486 21504 21537)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Ethiopia Hydrocynus sp. (21545)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Kenya Hydrocynus sp. (21367 21370 21421 21462 21495 21498 22342)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya Hydrocynus sp. (21368 21443)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Hydrocynus sp. (21294)