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Pleiosaurus macromerus
Taxonomy
Pleiosaurus macromerus was named by Phillips (1871) [Spelled "Pleiosaurus" in the text]. Its type specimen is Lectotype: OUMNH J. 10441, a set of vertebrae (cervical vertebra), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Shotover Railway Cutting (Great Western Railway excavation), near Swindon, which is in a Kimmeridgian marine horizon in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of the United Kingdom.
It was recombined as Pliosaurus macromerus by Lydekker (1889), Delair (1960), Malakhov (1999), Noè et al. (2004), Knutsen (2012); it was recombined as Stretosaurus macromerus by Tarlo (1959), Tarlo (1960); it was recombined as Liopleurodon macromerus by Halstead (1989), Bardet et al. (1993); it was considered a nomen dubium by Benson et al. (2013).
It was recombined as Pliosaurus macromerus by Lydekker (1889), Delair (1960), Malakhov (1999), Noè et al. (2004), Knutsen (2012); it was recombined as Stretosaurus macromerus by Tarlo (1959), Tarlo (1960); it was recombined as Liopleurodon macromerus by Halstead (1989), Bardet et al. (1993); it was considered a nomen dubium by Benson et al. (2013).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1838 | Ischyrodon meriani Meyer |
| 1871 | Pleiosaurus macromerus Phillips p. 354 figs. CXLVIII-CLI |
| 1889 | Pliosaurus macromerus Lydekker pp. 131-139 figs. 41-43 |
| 1959 | Stretosaurus macromerus Tarlo |
| 1960 | Pliosaurus macromerus Delair p. 71 |
| 1960 | Stretosaurus macromerus Tarlo pp. 159-160 |
| 1989 | Liopleurodon macromerus Halstead p. 38 |
| 1993 | Liopleurodon macromerus Bardet et al. p. 390 |
| 1999 | Pliosaurus macromerus Malakhov p. 241 |
| 2004 | Pliosaurus macromerus Noè et al. p. 23 |
| 2012 | Pliosaurus macromerus Knutsen p. 269 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Pleiosaurus macromerus Phillips 1871
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| L. B. Tarlo 1959 | Teeth trihedral in cross-section, outer surface smooth and flat; mandible with short symphysis bearing five to six large caniniform teeth, total of about twenty-five teeth in each ramus; cervical vertebrae short, length less than half width or height, ventral keel absent, cervical ribs double headed; caudal vertebrae without chevron bone facets; scapula triradiate with dorsal process produced anteriorly; coracoid long with postero-lateral expansion; ischium elongated; propodials long, compressed dorsoventrally, slightly expanded distally; epipodials short. | |
| D. V. Malakhov 1999 | The length of the centra is less than half of height or width. The superior rib facet of the cervicals is almost triangular in outline. The ventral surface of the cervicals is sculptured with continuous well developed rugosity. The ventral keel is absent on the cervicals, ventral lip is not developed. The ventral surface of the dorsal vertebrae bears double-stripped rugosity. Caudal vertebrae with chevron bone facets. There is well developed boss on the anterior and posterior surfaces of all vertebrae. | |
| E. M. Knutsen 2012 | Pliosaurus with approximately 50 teeth in the lower jaw, 6 pairs of symphyseal teeth in dorsal view; Type III retroarticular process. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: superf = superfamily, o = order | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hampe 2005 | |||||
Collections
No collection or age range data are available