PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Tupaia

Mammalia - Scandentia - Tupaiidae

Taxonomy

Tupaia was named by Raffles (1821). It is extant.

It was assigned to Tupaina by Gray (1825); to Tupaiidae by Gunnell (1989), McKenna and Bell (1997) and Helgen (2005); to Scandentia by Silcox et al. (2010); and to Tupaiinae by Van Valen (1967) and Ni and Qiu (2012).

Species

T. belangeri, T. chrysogaster, T. dorsalis, T. everetti, T. glis, T. gracilis, T. javanica, T. longipes, T. minor, T. miocenica, T. moellendorffi, T. montana, T. nicobarica, T. palawanensis, T. picta, T. splendidula, T. storchi, T. tana, Urogale cylindrura

Synonyms

Urogale was named by Mearns (1905). It is extant. Its type is Urogale cylindrura. It was considered monophyletic by Roberts et al. (2011).

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Roberts et al. (2011).

It was assigned to Tupaiinae by Van Valen (1967); and to Tupaiidae by Helgen (2005).
Sorexglis was named by Cuvier and Saint-Hilaire (1821). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Glisorex was named by Desmarest (1822). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Cladobates was named by Cuvier (1824). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Hylogale was named by Temminck (1827). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Hylogalea was named by Muller and Schlegel (1843). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Glisosorex was named by Giebel (1855). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Glirisorex was named by Scudder (1882). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Glipora was named by Jentink (1888). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Tana was named by Lyon (1913). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).
Lyonogale was named by Conisbee (1913). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Tupaia by Van Valen (1967).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1821	Sorexglis Cuvier and Saint-Hilaire
1821	Tupaia Raffles
1822	Glisorex Desmarest
1824	Cladobates Cuvier
1825	Tupaia Gray p. 339
1827	Hylogale Temminck
1843	Hylogalea Muller and Schlegel
1855	Glisosorex Giebel
1882	Glirisorex Scudder
1888	Glipora Jentink
1905	Urogale Mearns p. 435
1913	Lyonogale Conisbee
1913	Tana Lyon
1967	Tupaia Van Valen
1967	Urogale Van Valen
1989	Tupaia Gunnell p. 147
1997	Tupaia McKenna and Bell
2005	Tupaia Helgen
2005	Urogale Helgen
2010	Tupaia Silcox et al.
2012	Tupaia Ni and Qiu p. 56

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()

Rank	Name	Author
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Euarchontoglires	Murphy et al. 2001
—	Euarchonta
—	Sundatheria
order	Scandentia	Wagner 1855
family	Tupaiidae	Gray 1825
subfamily	Tupaiinae	Gray 1825
genus	Tupaia	Raffles 1821

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Tupaia Raffles 1821

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Tupaia belangeri Wagner 1841

Tupaia belangeri chinensis Anderson 1879

Tupaia chrysogaster Miller 1903

Tupaia dorsalis Schlegel 1857

Tupaia everetti Thomas 1892

Tupaia glis Dirard 1820

Tupaia gracilis Thomas 1893

Tupaia javanica Horsfield 1822 [Horsfield's treeshrew]

Tupaia longipes Thomas 1893

Tupaia minor Gunther 1876

†Tupaia miocenica Mein and Ginsburg 1997

Tupaia moellendorffi Matschie 1898

Tupaia montana Thomas 1892

Tupaia nicobarica Zelebor 1869

Tupaia palawanensis Thomas 1894

Tupaia picta Thomas 1892

Tupaia splendidula Gray 1865

†Tupaia storchi Ni and Qiu 2012

Tupaia tana Raffles 1821 [large treeshrew]

Invalid names: Cladobates Cuvier 1824 [synonym], Glipora Jentink 1888 [synonym], Glirisorex Scudder 1882 [synonym], Glisorex Desmarest 1822 [synonym], Glisosorex Giebel 1855 [synonym], Hylogale Temminck 1827 [synonym], Hylogalea Muller and Schlegel 1843 [synonym], Lyonogale Conisbee 1913 [synonym], Sorexglis Cuvier and Saint-Hilaire 1821 [synonym], Tana Lyon 1913 [synonym], Urogale Mearns 1905 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

scansorialf

Diet:

insectivoref

Diet 2:

frugivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:10

Modified:

2005-08-22 18:42:42

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Early/Lower Pleistocene or 20.44000 to 0.78100 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 13.82 Ma

Collections (4 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.44 - 13.82	Thailand	T. miocenica (48126)
Baodean	11.1 - 4.9	China (Yunnan)	T. storchi (127187)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	Pakistan	T. sp. (127346)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.781	China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region)	T. belangeri (214689)