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Alethinophidia

Reptilia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1923Alethinophidia Nopcsa
1984Alethinophidia Rage p. 10
1988Alethinophidia Holman and Case p. 329
1998Alethinophidia Nessov et al. p. 5
1999Alethinophidia Gardner and Cifelli p. 89
2000Alethinophidia Albino p. 249
2002Alethinophidia Vidal and Hedges p. 983
2002Alethinophidia Wilcox et al.
2005Alethinophidia Parmley and DeVore p. 706
2006Alethinophidia Augé and Rage p. 247
2008Alethinophidia Venczel and Stiuca p. 755
2010Alethinophidia Snetkov and Bannikov p. 698
2010Alethinophidia Wilson et al. p. 1
2012Alethinophidia Fernicola and Albino
2012Alethinophidia Longrich et al.
2012Alethinophidia Zvonok and Snetkov p. 394
2013Alethinophidia Palci et al.
2013Alethinophidia Smith p. 158
2016Alethinophidia Ikeda et al. p. 145
2016Alethinophidia Stocker and Kirk
2020Alethinophidia Head

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Squamata()
suborderOphidia(Latreille 1804)
—Serpentes(Linnaeus 1758)
infraorderAlethinophidia
infraorderAlethinophidia

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infraor. Alethinophidia Nopcsa 1923
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Superfm. Acrochordoidea McDowell 1979
+
Fm. †Nigeropheidae Rage 1975
+
G. †Nigerophis Rage 1975
+
†Nigerophis mirus Rage 1975
G. †Woutersophis Rage 1980
+
†Woutersophis novus Rage 1980
Fm. †Nigerophiidae Rage 1975
+
G. †Amananulam McCartney et al. 2018
+
†Amananulam sanogoi McCartney et al. 2018
G. †Indophis Rage and Prasad 1992
+
†Indophis fanambinana Pritchard et al. 2014
†Indophis sahnii Rage and Prasad 1992
G. †Kelyophis LaDuke et al. 2010
+
†Kelyophis hechti LaDuke et al. 2010
G. †Nubianophis Rage and Werner 1999
+
†Nubianophis afaahus Rage and Werner 1999
G. †Afrotortrix Rage et al. 2021
+
†Afrotortrix draaensis Rage et al. 2021
Fm. Aniliidae Fitzinger 1826 [pipe snake]
+
G. †Australophis Gómez et al. 2008 [southern snake]
+
†Australophis anilioides Gómez et al. 2008
G. †Borealilysia Head 2020
+
†Borealilysia carinata Hecht 1959
†Borealilysia gunnelli Head 2020
Invalid names: Coniophis platycarinatus Hecht 1959 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Anilioidea
+
G. Anilius Oken 1816
+
Anilius scytale Linneaus 1758 [Coral pipe snakes]
Fm. Uropeltidae [shieldtail snake]
+
G. Anomochilus Berg 1901 [Common pipe snakes]
+
Anomochilus leonardi Smith 1940 [Leonard's pipe snake]
Anomochilus weberi Lidth de Jeude 1890 [Pipe snake]
G. Brachyophidium Wall 1921 [Mountain burrowing snakes]
+
Brachyophidium rhodogaster Wall 1921 [Palni mountain burrowing snake]
G. Cylindrophis Wagler 1828 [Island pipe snakes]
+
Cylindrophis aruensis Boulenger 1920 [Aru island pipe snake]
Cylindrophis maculatus Linneaus 1758 [Spotted pipe snake]
Cylindrophis rufus Laurenti 1768 [Red pipe snake]
G. Melanophidium Gunther 1864 [Black earth snakes]
+
Melanophidium punctatum Beddome 1871 [Beddome's black earth snake]
Melanophidium wynaudense Beddome 1863 [Indian black earth snake]
G. Platyplecturus Gunther 1868 [Thorntail snakes]
+
Platyplecturus madurensis Beddome 1877 [Travancore Hills thorntail snake]
G. Plecturus Dumeril 1851 [African burrowing snakes]
+
Plecturus aureus Beddome 1880 [Kerala burrowing snake]
Plecturus perroteti Dumeril and Bibron 1854 [Nilgiri burrowing snake]
G. Pseudotyphlops Schlegel 1839 [Large shieldtail snakes]
+
Pseudotyphlops philippinus Schlegel 1829 [Large shieldtail snake]
G. Rhinophis Hemprich 1820 [Rhinocerps earth snakes]
+
Rhinophis blythii Kelaart 1853 [Blyth's earth snake]
Rhinophis drummondhayi Wall 1921 [Drummond Hay's earth snake]
Rhinophis philippinus Cuvier 1829 [Peters' Philippine earth snake]
Rhinophis sanguineus Beddome 1863 [Salty earth snake]
G. Uropeltis Cuvier 1829 [Indian earth snakes]
+
Uropeltis melanogaster Gray 1858 [Gray's earth snake]
Uropeltis rubromaculatus Beddome 1867 [Red-spotted earth snake]
Uropeltis woodmasoni Theobald 1876 [Woodmason's earth snake]
Unr. Caenophidia Hoffstetter 1939
+
Fm. Acrochordidae Bonaparte 1840
+
G. Acrochordus Hornstedt 1787
+
†Acrochordus dehmi Hoffstetter 1964
Acrochordus granulatus Schneider 1799 [Little file snake]
Fm. †Russellophiidae Rage 1978
+
G. †Krebsophis Rage and Werner 1999
+
†Krebsophis thobanus Rage and Werner 1999
G. †Russellophis Rage 1975
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†Russellophis crassus Rage et al. 2008
†Russellophis tenuis Rage 1975
G. †Cerberophis Longrich et al. 2012
+
†Cerberophis robustus Longrich et al. 2012
G. †Colombophis Hoffstetter and Rage 1977
+
†Colombophis portai Hoffstetter and Rage 1977
†Colombophis spinosus Hsiou et al. 2010
Superfm. Colubroidea Oppel 1811
+
Fm. †Anomalophiidae Auffenberg 1959
+
G. †Anomalophis Auffenberg 1959
+
†Anomalophis bolcensis Auffenberg 1959
+
Invalid names: Archaeophis bolcensis Massalongo 1859 [replaced]
Fm. Crotalidae Oppel 1811 [pit viper]
+
G. †Agkistrodon Huxley 1865 [cottonmouth]
+
†Agkistrodon piscivorous Lacépède
G. Aploaspis Cope 1867
G. Caudisonia Laurenti 1768
G. Crotalus Linnaeus 1758 [rattlesnake]
+
Crotalus adamanteus Palisot de Beauvois 1799 [eastern diamondback rattlesnake]
+
Crotalus adamanteus adamanteus Palisot de Beauvois 1799
Crotalus atrox Baird and Girard 1853
Crotalus giganteus Brattstrom 1954
Crotalus horridus Linnaeus 1758 [timber rattlesnake]
Crotalus lepidus Kennicott 1861 [rock rattlesnake]
Crotalus viridis Rafinesque 1818 [prairie rattlesnake]
+
Invalid names: Crotalus potterensis Brattstrom 1953 [synonym]
G. Gloydius Hoge and Hoge 1981
G. †Protagras Cope 1872
G. Protobothrops Hoge and Romano-Hoge 1983
G. Sistrurus Garman 1883 [pigmy rattlesnake]
+
Sistrurus catenatus Rafinesque 1818
G. Trimeresurus Lacépède 1804 [pitviper]
Subfm. Viperinae Oppel 1811
+
G. Bitis Gray 1842 [puff adder]
+
Bitis arietans Merrem 1820
†Bitis olduvaiensis Rage 1973
Invalid names: Clotho Gray 1842 [synonym]
G. Vipera Laurenti 1768
+
Subg. Vipera (Daboia) Gray 1842 [oriental viper]
Subg. †Vipera (Macrovipera) Reuss 1927
Subg. Vipera (Pelias) Merrem 1820
Subg. Vipera (Vipera) Laurenti 1768
†Vipera antiqua Szyndlar 1987
†Vipera burgenlandica Bachmayer and Szyndlar 1987
Vipera latastei Boscà 1878
†Vipera maghrebiana Rage 1976
†Vipera maxima Szyndlar 1988
†Vipera natiensis Bailon et al. 2002
†Vipera platyspondyla Szyndlar 1987
Invalid names: Coluber kargii von Meyer 1845 [nomen dubium], Vipera sansaniensis Lartet 1851 [nomen nudum]
Fm. Elapidae Boié 1827
+
G. Austrelaps Worrell 1963
+
Austrelaps superbus Günther 1858 [copperhead snake]
G. Calliophis Gray 1834
G. Chitulia Gray 1849
+
Invalid names: Aturia Gray 1842 [replaced]
G. Disteira Lacepede 1804
G. Disteiramecdup Lacepede 1804
G. Elaps Schneider
Subfm. Hydrophiinae Boié 1827 [sea snake]
+
G. Acalyptophis Boulenger 1896
+
Acalyptophis peronii Duméril 1853
G. Aipysurus Lacepède 1804
+
Aipysurus duboisii Bavay 1869
Aipysurus fuscus Tschudi 1837
Aipysurus laevis Lacepède 1804
Aipysurus tenuis Lønnberg and Andersson 1913
G. Astrotia Fischer 1856
+
G. Emydocephalus Krefft 1869
+
G. Enhydrina Gray 1849
+
Enhydrina schistosa Daudin 1803
Enhydrina zweifeli Kharin 1985
G. Ephalophis Smith 1931
+
Ephalophis greyi Smith 1931
G. Hydrelaps Boulenger 1896
+
Hydrelaps darwiniensis Boulenger 1896
G. Hydrophis Latreille 1801
+
Hydrophis atriceps Günther 1864
Hydrophis brookii Günther 1872
Hydrophis fasciatus Schneider 1799
Hydrophis kingii Boulenger 1896
Hydrophis klossi Boulenger 1912
Hydrophis laboutei Rasmussen and Ineich 2000
Hydrophis lamberti Smith 1917
Hydrophis major Shaw 1802
Hydrophis melanosoma Günther 1864
Hydrophis pacificus Boulenger 1869
Hydrophis semperi Garman 1881
Hydrophis torquatus Günther 1864
Hydrophis vorisi Kharin 1984
G. †Incongruelaps Scanlon et al. 2003
+
†Incongruelaps iteratus Scanlon et al. 2003
G. Kerilia Gray 1849
+
Kerilia jerdoni Gray 1849
G. Kolpophis Smith 1926
+
Kolpophis annandalei Laidlaw 1901
G. Lapemis Gray 1835
+
Lapemis curtus Shaw 1802
G. Laticauda Laurenti 1768
+
Laticauda colubrinus Schneider 1799
Laticauda crockeri Slevin 1934
Laticauda laticauda Linnaeus 1758
Laticauda semifasciatus Reinwardt 1837
G. Parahydrophis Burger and Natsuno 1974
+
G. Pelamis Plumier 1801
+
Pelamis platurus Linnaeus 1766
G. Thalassophina Smith 1926
+
G. Thalassophis Schmidt 1852
+
Thalassophis anomalus Schmidt 1852
G. Leioselasma Lacepède 1804
+
Leioselasma coggeri Kharin 1984
G. Micrurus Wagler 1824 [coral snake]
+
†Micrurus gallicus Rage and Holman 1984
G. Naja Laurenti 1768 [cobra]
+
†Naja antiqua Rage 1976
†Naja austriaca Bachmayer and Szyndlar 1985
†Naja iberica Szyndlar 1985
Naja naja Linneaus 1758 [Indian cobra]
†Naja romani Hoffstetter 1939
Invalid names: Palaeonaja Hoffstetter 1939 [synonym], Palaeonaja Hoffstetter 1939 [synonym]
G. Notechis Peters 1861
G. Polyodontognathus Wall 1921
G. Pseudechis Wagler 1830
+
Pseudechis porphyriacus Shaw 1794 [Australian black snake]
G. Sinomicrurus Slowinski et al. 2001
+
Sinomicrurus japonicus Günther 1868
G. Xenodermus Reinhardt 1836
Invalid names: Laticaudinae [empty], Najinae Cope 1864 [empty], Protropidonotus Schlosser 1916 [nomen dubium], Protropidonotus neglectus Schlosser 1916 [nomen dubium]
G. †Headonophis Holman 1993
+
†Headonophis harrisoni Holman 1993
Fm. †Lamprophiidae Fitzinger 1843
+
Invalid names: Lamprophiinae Fitzinger 1843 [empty]
G. †Procerophis Rage et al. 2008
+
†Procerophis sahnii Rage et al. 2008
G. †Vectophis Rage and Ford 1980
+
†Vectophis wardi Rage and Ford 1980
Fm. Viperidae Oppel 1811 [viper]
+
G. Bothrops Wagler 1824 [pit viper]
G. †Laophis Owen 1857
+
†Laophis crotaloides Owen 1857
Invalid names: Provipera Kinkelin 1892 [nomen dubium], Provipera boettgeri Kinkelin 1892 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Rhabdosomidae Cope 1871 [empty], Russellopheidae Rage 1978 [empty]
Unr. †Henophidia
+
G. †Coprophis Parris and Holman 1978
+
†Coprophis dakotaensis Parris and Holman 1978
G. †Helagras Cope 1883
+
†Helagras orellanensis Holman 1983
†Helagras prisciformis Cope 1883
Fm. Loxocemidae Cope 1861 [Mexican burrowing snake]
+
G. †Ogmophis Cope 1844
+
†Ogmophis arenarum Douglass 1903
†Ogmophis compactus Lambe 1908
†Ogmophis europaeus Meynarski 1982
†Ogmophis kansasensis Wilson 1968
†Ogmophis miocompactus Holman 1976
†Ogmophis oregonensis Cope 1844
†Ogmophis parvus Rogers 1976
†Ogmophis pauperrimus Vanzolini 1952
†Ogmophis pliocompactus Holman 1975
†Ogmophis voorhiesi Holman 1977
Fm. Pythonidae Fitzinger 1826 [python]
+
G. Liasis Gray 1842
+
†Liasis dubudingala Scanlon and Mackness 2002
Liasis olivacea Gray 1842 [olive python]
G. Morelia Gray 1842
+
†Morelia riversleighensis Smith and Plane 1985
+
Invalid names: Morelia antiqua Smith and Plane 1985 [synonym]
Morelia spilota Lacépède 1804 [carpet python]
Invalid names: Montypythonoides Smith and Plane 1985 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bolyeriidae [empty], Calabariidae [empty], Xenopeltidae Bonaparte 1845 [empty]
G. †Itaboraiophis Rage 2008
+
Unr. Macrostomata Ritgen 1828
+
G. †Amaru Albino 2018
+
†Amaru scagliai Albino 2018
Superfm. Booidea Gray 1825
+
G. †Boavus Marsh 1871
+
†Boavus brevis Marsh 1871
†Boavus idelmani Gilmore 1938
†Boavus occidentalis Marsh 1871
+
Invalid names: Boavus affinis Brattstrom 1955 [synonym], Boavus agilis Marsh 1871 [synonym], Protagras lacustris Cope 1871 [synonym]
Fm. Boidae Gray 1825 [boa]
+
G. †Anilioides Auffenberg 1963
+
†Anilioides minuatus Auffenberg 1963
†Anilioides nebraskensis Holman 1976
Subfm. Boinae Gray 1825
+
G. Acrantophis Jan 1860 [boa]
G. †Bavarioboa Szyndlar and Schleich 1993
G. Boa Linnaeus 1758
+
Invalid names: Pseudoepicrates Auffenberg 1963 [synonym]
G. †Chubutophis Albino 1993
G. Corallus Daudin 1803
G. †Daunophis Swinton 1926
G. Epicrates Wagler 1830 [rainbow boa]
G. †Hordleophis Holman 1996
G. †Palaeopython Rochebrune 1880
G. †Paleryx Owen 1850
G. †Plesiotortrix Rochebrune 1884
G. †Rukwanyoka McCartney et al. 2014
G. †Sanjuanophis Sullivan and Lucas 1988
G. †Tallahattaophis Holman and Case 1988
G. †Titanoboa Head et al. 2009
G. †Waincophis Albino 1987
G. †Cadurcoboa Rage 1978
+
†Cadurcoboa insolita Rage 1978
G. Candoia Gray 1842
G. Chilabothrus Duméril and Bibron 1844
+
Chilabothrus exsul Netting and Goin 1944
G. †Dawsonophis Holman 1979
+
†Dawsonophis wyomingensis Holman 1979
Subfm. Erycinae Bonaparte 1825 [sand boa]
+
G. †Albaneryx Hoffstetter and Rage 1972
G. †Bransateryx Hoffstetter and Rage 1972
G. †Cadurceryx Hoffstetter and Rage 1972
G. Charina Gray 1849
G. Eryx Daudin 1803 [true sand boa]
G. †Gaimanophis Albino 1996
G. †Geringophis Holman 1976
G. Gongylophis Wagler 1830
G. †Huberophis Holman 1977
G. Lichanura Cope 1861
+
Invalid names: Paraepicrates Hecht 1959 [synonym]
G. †Pterygoboa Holman 1976
G. †Tregophis Holman 1975
G. Eunectes Wagler 1830 [anaconda]
+
†Eunectes stirtoni Hoffstetter and Rage 1977
G. †Hechtophis Rage 2001
+
†Hechtophis austrinus Rage 2001
G. †Lithophis Marsh 1871
+
†Lithophis sargenti Marsh 1871
G. †Messelophis Baszio 2004
+
†Messelophis variatus Baszio 2004
G. †Neurodromicus Cope 1873
+
G. †Paraplatyspondylia Holman et al. 2006
+
†Paraplatyspondylia batesi Holman and Harrison 1998
G. Python Daudin 1803
+
†Python cadurcensis Filhol 1877
†Python euboicus Roemer 1870
†Python maurus Rage 1976
Python molurus Linnaeus 1758
Python regius Shaw 1802 [Ball python]
Python sebae Gmelin 1789 [rock python]
G. †Rieppelophis Scanferla et al. 2016 [snake]
+
†Rieppelophis ermannorum Schaal and Baszio 2004
G. †Totlandophis Holman and Harrison 1998
+
†Totlandophis americanus Holman and Harrison 2001
†Totlandophis thomasae Holman and Harrison 1998
G. Tropidophis Bibron 1843
+
Tropidophis caymanensis Battersby 1938
Subfm. Ungaliophiinae McDowell 1987 [dwarf boa]
+
G. †Calamagras Cope 1873
+
Invalid names: Aphelophis Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. Exiliboa Bogert 1968
G. †Paraungaliophis Rage 2008
G. Ungaliophis Müller 1882
Invalid names: Rageophis Wallach 1986 [nomen dubium]
G. †Conantophis Holman and Harrison 2000
+
†Conantophis alachuaensis Holman and Harrison 2000
G. †Eoanilius Rage 1974
+
†Eoanilius europae Rage 1974
†Eoanilius oligocenicus Szyndlar 1994
G. †Eoconstrictor Scanferla and Smith 2020
+
†Eoconstrictor fischeri Schaal 2004
G. †Hibernophis Croghan et al. 2024
+
†Hibernophis breithaupti Croghan et al. 2024
G. †Michauxophis Bailon 1988
+
†Michauxophis occitanus Bailon 1988
G. †Rageryx Smith and Scanferla 2021
+
†Rageryx schmidi Smith and Scanferla 2021
Invalid names: Archaeophidae Janensch 1906 [empty], Ungaliophiidae Zaher 1994 [empty]
G. †Kataria Scanferla et al. 2013
+
†Kataria anisodonta Scanferla et al. 2013
G. Loxocemus Cope 1861 [Mexican burrowing pythons]
+
Loxocemus bicolor Cope 1861 [Mexican burrowing python]
G. †Pachyrhachis Haas 1979
+
+
Invalid names: Ophiomorphus colberti Haas 1980 [synonym]
Invalid names: Estesius Wallach 1984 [synonym], Ophiomorphus Haas 1980 [synonym]
G. †Podophis Rage and Escuillié 2000
Fm. Tropidophiidae Cope 1894 [dwarf boa]
+
G. †Dunnophis Hecht 1959
+
†Dunnophis cadurcensis Rage 1974
†Dunnophis matronensis Rage 1973
†Dunnophis microechinis Hecht 1959
G. †Platyspondylia Rage 1974
+
†Platyspondylia germanica Szyndlar and Rage 2003
†Platyspondylia lepta Rage 1974
†Platyspondylia sudrei Rage 1988
G. †Szyndlaria Rage and Augé 2010
+
†Szyndlaria aureomontensis Rage and Augé 2010
Subfm. Tropidophiinae Cope 1894
+
G. †Falseryx Szyndlar and Rage 2003
+
†Falseryx neervelpensis Szyndlar et al. 2008
†Falseryx petersbuchi Szyndlar and Rage 2003
+
Invalid names: Bransateryx septentrionalis Szyndlar 1987 [replaced]
G. †Rottophis Szyndlar and Böhme 1996
+
†Rottophis atavus von Meyer 1855
+
Invalid names: Coluber papyraceus Fischer 1857 [objective synonym], Morelia papyracea Troschel 1858 [synonym]
G. Xenopeltis Reinwardt 1827
+
Xenopeltis unicolor Reinhardt 1827 [Sunbeam snake]
G. †Paulacoutophis Rage 2008
+
Fm. Pseudoxyrhophiidae Dowling 1975
+
G. Ditypophis Günther 1881
+
Ditypophis vivax Günther 1881 [Günther's racer]
G. †Tuscahomaophis Holman and Case 1992
Invalid names: Cylindrophiidae Fitzinger 1843 [empty], Simoliopheoidea [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 300 kgsubf
Minimum body mass: 100 gsubf
Environment: terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2017-04-17 15:15:35
Modified: 2017-04-17 15:15:35
Source: subf = subfamily, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Greene 1997, Behler and King 1979, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 100.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma

Collections (743 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) Nigerophiidae indet. (115190)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Palestinian Territory Pachyrhachis problematicus, Ophiomorphus colberti (11804)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6Canada (Alberta) Aniliidae indet. (14425)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Boidae indet. (74660)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Sudan (Ash Shamaliyah) Aniliidae indet., Russellophiidae indet., Serpentes indet. (38682)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Sudan Colubroidea indet., Nubianophis afaahus, Krebsophis thobanus (28491)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Argentina (Río Negro) Australophis anilioides (48999) Madtsoiidae indet. (49557)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Argentina (Mendoza) Boidae indet. (185024)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Anilioidea indet. (206969)
Lancian72.2 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) A. Lance snake (14519) Boidae indet. (14505)
Lancian72.2 - 66.0USA (Montana) Cerberophis robustus (137565)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Spain (Aragón) Alethinophidia indet. (45437)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Andhra Pradesh) Aniliidae sp., Indophis sahnii, Nigerophiidae indet. (27014)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Maharashtra) Boidae indet., Serpentes indet. (58102) Indophis sahnii (224687)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Montana) Erycinae indet. (13142)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Madagascar (Mahajanga) Boidae indet. (199757) Indophis fanambinana (154152) Kelyophis hechti (39266 55268 144728)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Gujarat) Indophis sahnii (72320)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Maharashtra) Booidea indet. (60397)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Andhra Pradesh) Serpentes indet. (58100)
Puercan66.0 - 63.8USA (New Mexico) Helagras prisciformis (125183)