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Orthocerida

Cephalopoda - Orthocerida

Taxonomy
Orthocerida was named by Kuhn (1940) [nom. transl. et correct. Teichert, 1964 ex subordo Orthoceracea Kuhn, 1940].

It was assigned to Nautiloidea by Teichert et al. (1964), Crick (1981), Frey (1981), Chen et al. (1981), Evans (1994), Evans (1994), Dzik and Kiselev (1995), Evans (1996); to Orthoceratoidea by Wade (1988), Kröger and Lefebvre (2012); to Cephalopoda by Kröger (2008), Kröger et al. (2011), Kröger (2013); and to Orthoceratoidea by Evans (2005), Evans (2011), Kröger and Evans (2011), Tongtherm et al. (2016), Pohle et al. (2022).

Subtaxa
Acrosphaerorthoceras, Allumettoceratidae, Aptychopsis, Arionoceratidae, Arterioceras, Badouceras, Baltoceratidae, Bogoslovskya, Brachycycloceratidae, Chicagooceras, Choanoceratidae, Cornuella, Cryptocycloceras, Cycloceras (syn. Perigrammoceras), Cycloceratidae, Dictyoceras, Engorthoceratidae, Eskimoceratidae, Esopoceras, Folioceras, Garryoceras, Heloceras, Jangziceras, Joldagiroceras, Kentronites (syn. Tambegiroceras), Kionoceratidae, Loxoceras (syn. Breynioceras), Mericoceras, Michelinoceratidae, Molossus, Murchisoniceras, Naivs, Nebroceras, Neorthoceras, Orthoceratidae (syn. Orthocerotidae), Orthoceratina, Orthodochmiocerataceae, Paradnatoceras, Paramooreoceras, Plicatoceras, Podoliceras, Proteoceratidae (syn. Hammelloceratidae), Pseudorthocerataceae, Pseudorthoceratoidea, Pythonoceras, Rhabdites, Rhipsites, Sactorthoceratidae, Sannionites, Sichuanaceras, Sichuanoceratidae, Sphaerorthoceratidae, Sphaerortoceratidae, Striatoceratidae (syn. Troedssonoceratidae), Subspyroceras, Tartaroceras, Tretoceras, Tripteroceratidae, Trispectes, Uralharuspex (syn. Haruspex), Vericeras, Zhuralevia

Synonyms
  • Michelinoceratida was named by Flower and Kummel (1950). It is not extant.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Orthocerida by Sweet (1964).
  • Sinoceratida was named by Kobayashi (1958). It is not extant.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Orthocerida by Sweet (1964).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1940Orthocerida Kuhn
1950Michelinoceratida Flower and Kummel
1958Sinoceratida Kobayashi
1964Orthocerida Teichert et al. p. 100
1981Orthocerida Chen et al. p. 17
1981Orthocerida Crick p. 228
1981Orthocerida Frey p. 1217
1988Orthocerida Wade
1994Orthocerida Evans p. 18
1995Orthoceratida Dzik and Kiselev p. 67
1996Orthocerida Evans p. 71
2005Orthocerida Evans p. 58
2008Orthocerida Kröger
2011Orthocerida Evans
2011Orthocerida Kröger et al.
2011Orthocerida Kröger and Evans
2012Orthocerida Kröger and Lefebvre
2013Orthocerida Kröger
2016Orthocerida Tongtherm et al.
2022Orthocerida Pohle et al. p. 21

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classCephalopodaCuvier 1797
subclassOrthoceratoidea(M'Coy 1844)
orderOrthoceridaKuhn 1940
orderOrthoceridaKuhn 1940

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Orthocerida Kuhn 1940
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G. †Aptychopsis Barrande 1872
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†Aptychopsis angulatum Jones and Woodward 1892
†Aptychopsis ovata Jones and Woodward 1888
†Aptychopsis prima Barrande 1872
†Aptychopsis salteri Woodward 1882
Fm. †Arionoceratidae Dzik 1984
+
G. †Adiagoceras Kröger 2008
+
†Adiagoceras subnotatum Barrande 1868
†Adiagoceras taouzense Kröger 2008
G. †Arionoceras Barskov 1966
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†Arionoceras canonicum Meneghini 1843
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Invalid names: Arionoceras affine Meneghini 1857 [synonym], Orthoceras arion Barrande 1866 [synonym]
†Arionoceras capillosum Barrande 1868
†Arionoceras densiseptum Kobayashi et al. 1984
G. †Parakionoceras Foerste 1928
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†Parakionoceras originale Barrande 1868
†Parakionoceras yanjinense Chen et al. 1981
†Parakionoceras yinjiangense Chen et al. 1981
Fm. †Baltoceratidae Kobayashi 1935
+
G. †Annbactroceras Kröger and Evans 2011
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†Annbactroceras felinense Kröger and Evans 2011
†Annbactroceras martyi Thoral 1935
G. †Bactroceras Holm 1898
+
+
Invalid names: Bactroceras guichiense Ying 1989 [synonym], Bactroceras jingshanlingense Zou 1987 [synonym], Bactroceras latisiphonatum Glenister 1952 [synonym], Bactroceras wilsoni Flower 1968 [synonym], Irianoceras antiquum Kobayashi and Burton 1971 [synonym]
†Bactroceras avus Holm 1898
†Bactroceras gossei Etheridge 1893
†Bactroceras mourguesi Thoral 1935
†Bactroceras sandbergeri Barrande 1867
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Invalid names: Tretoceras parvulum Barrande 1868 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eobactrites Schindewolf 1932 [synonym]
G. †Castelloceras Evans 2005
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G. †Cochlioceras Eichwald 1860
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†Cochlioceras avus Eichwald 1860
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Invalid names: Cochlioceras sinense Chang 1957 [synonym]
Invalid names: Baltoceras Holm 1897 [synonym]
G. †Cyrtobaltoceras Flower 1964
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†Cyrtobaltoceras gracile Flower 1964
G. †Endorioceras Flower 1964
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†Endorioceras rarum Flower 1964
G. †Eosomichelinoceras Chen 1974
+
†Eosomichelinoceras baldisii Kröger et al. 2007
G. †Hedstroemoceras Foerste 1930
+
G. †Metabaltoceras Flower 1964
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†Metabaltoceras fusiforme Flower 1964
†Metabaltoceras minutum Flower 1964
G. †Microbaltoceras Flower 1964
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†Microbaltoceras minore Flower 1964
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†Ogygoceras gracile Ulrich et al. 1944
G. †Rhabdiferoceras Flower 1964
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†Rhabdiferoceras planiseptatum Hook and Flower 1977
Invalid names: Rhabdiferoceras floweri Zhuravleva 1994 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Semiannuloceras Evans 2005
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G. †Sinocochleoceras Qi 1980
Fm. †Brachycycloceratidae Furnish et al. 1964
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G. †Brachycycloceras Miller et al. 1933
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†Brachycycloceras curtum Meek and Worthen 1860
†Brachycycloceras normale Miller et al. 1955
†Brachycycloceras rustaqense Niko et al. 1996
G. †Chicagooceras Foerste and Savage 1927
G. †Cornuella Shimansky 1968
G. †Cycloceras M'Coy 1844
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†Cycloceras laevigatum M'Coy 1844
†Cycloceras olorus Hall 1879
†Cycloceras waageni Kittl 1903
Invalid names: Perigrammoceras Foerste 1924 [synonym]
G. Dictyoceras Eichwald 1860
G. †Garryoceras Foerste 1928
G. †Heloceras Eichwald 1860
G. †Jangziceras Lai 1964
G. †Joldagiroceras Miagkova 1967
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†Joldagiroceras gyratum Miagkova 1967
G. †Kentronites Zhuravelva 1964
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Invalid names: Tambegiroceras Miagkova 1967 [synonym]
Fm. †Kionoceratidae Hyatt 1900
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G. †Kionoceras Hyatt 1884
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†Kionoceras decorahense Flower 1952
†Kionoceras densum Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras diebuense Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras doricum Barrande 1868
†Kionoceras erraticum Flower 1952
†Kionoceras heshuiense Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras infrequens Flower 1952
†Kionoceras laqueatum Hall 1847
†Kionoceras liaojiaoshanense Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras magnisulcatum Billings 1857
†Kionoceras modicum Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras muyagirum Miagkova 1967
†Kionoceras polyplicatum Flower 1952
†Kionoceras serenum Shimanskiy 1954
†Kionoceras styliforme Chen et al. 1981
†Kionoceras valcourense Flower 1952
†Kionoceras virgatum de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
+
Invalid names: Kionoceras bellatulum Billings 1866 [synonym], Kionoceras canaliculatum de Sowerby and Murchison 1839 [synonym]
G. †Nothokionoceras Chen et al. 1981
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†Nothokionoceras leijiatunense Chen et al. 1981
G. †Ohioceras Shimizu and Obata 1935
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†Ohioceras annulum Chen et al. 1981
G. †Polygrammoceras Foerste 1927
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†Polygrammoceras ellisense Foerste 1928
G. †Thoracoceras Fischer de Waldheim 1844
G. †Loxoceras M'Coy 1844
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Invalid names: Breynioceras Foerste 1930 [objective synonym]
G. †Molossus deMontfort 1808
G. †Naivs
G. †Neorthoceras Shimizu and Obata 1936
Fm. †Orthoceratidae M'Coy 1844
+
G. †Aethiosolen Flower 1968
Subfm. †Anaspyroceratinae Chen et al. 1981
+
G. †Calorthoceras Chen et al. 1981
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†Calorthoceras butovitzense Chen et al. 1981
†Calorthoceras multicostatum Chen et al. 1981
+
Invalid names: Orthoceras pseudocalamiteum Barrande 1851 [synonym]
G. †Chebbioceras Klug et al. 2008
+
†Chebbioceras erfoudense Klug et al. 2008
G. †Ctenoceras Noetling 1884
+
†Ctenoceras schmidti Noetling 1884
†Ctenoceras sweeti Kröger and Isakar 2006
†Ctenoceras verticillatum Krause 1844
G. †Infundibuloceras Klug et al. 2008
+
†Infundibuloceras brevimira Klug et al. 2008
†Infundibuloceras komiense Zhuravleva 1978
†Infundibuloceras mira Zhuravleva 1978
†Infundibuloceras mohamadi Kröger 2008
G. †Kopaninoceras Kiselev 1969
+
†Kopaninoceras dorsatoides Kröger 2008
†Kopaninoceras jucundum Barrande 1870
†Kopaninoceras thyrsus Barrande 1870
Subfm. †Leurocycloceratinae Sweet 1964
+
G. †Bohemites
G. †Euthyocycloceras Chen et al. 1981
+
†Euthyocycloceras battlatum Chen et al. 1981
†Euthyocycloceras curvatum Chen et al. 1981
†Euthyocycloceras qujingense Chen et al. 1981
G. †Leurocycloceras Foerste 1928
+
†Leurocycloceras raymondi Foerste 1928
†Leurocycloceras yiwagouense Chen et al. 1981
G. †Obliocycloceras Chen et al. 1981
+
†Obliocycloceras simplex Chen et al. 1981
G. †Obliocycloceroides Chen et al. 1981
+
†Obliocycloceroides regulare Chen et al. 1981
G. †Xiaoxiangoceras Chen et al. 1981
+
†Xiaoxiangoceras pseudoseptatum Chen et al. 1981
†Xiaoxiangoceras xiaoxiangense Chen et al. 1981
G. †Merocycloceras Ristedt 1968
+
†Merocycloceras declivis Ristedt 1968
G. †Michelinoceras Foerste 1932
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†Michelinoceras alticameratum Kobayashi et al. 1984
†Michelinoceras avelinii Salter 1854
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Invalid names: Orthoceras caereesiense Hicks 1875 [synonym]
†Michelinoceras currens Barrande 1866
†Michelinoceras floridaense Hook and Flower 1977
†Michelinoceras melleni Hook and Flower 1977
†Michelinoceras michelini Barrande 1866
†Michelinoceras mizobuchii Kobayashi et al. 1984
†Michelinoceras palatum Shimanskiy 1996
†Michelinoceras primum Flower 1962
†Michelinoceras richardsi Flower 1962
†Michelinoceras vandiverense Ulrich et al. 1944
Subfm. †Michelinoceratinae Flower 1945
+
G. †Acanthomichelinoceras Kröger et al. 2005
G. †Arkonoceras Flower 1945
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†Arkonoceras arkonense Flower 1945
†Arkonoceras circularis Sowerby 1814
G. †Balticoceras Teichert 1940
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†Balticoceras discors Eichwald 1857
G. †Hesperoceras Miller and Youngquist 1947
G. †Imbricatoceras Holland 1992
+
†Imbricatoceras subundulatum Portlock 1843
G. †Pedanochonoceras Chen et al. 1981
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†Pedanochonoceras altothulamum Chen et al. 1981
†Pedanochonoceras centrum Chen et al. 1981
†Pedanochonoceras contractum Chen et al. 1981
†Pedanochonoceras densum Chen et al. 1981
†Pedanochonoceras nanum Chen et al. 1981
†Pedanochonoceras submarginatum Chen et al. 1981
G. †Sinoceras Shimizu and Obata 1935
G. †Orthoceras Breynius 1832
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†Orthoceras annulata Sowerby 1818
†Orthoceras bisignatum Barrande 1877
†Orthoceras burgense Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras decrescens de Koninck 1863
†Orthoceras dominans de Gregorio 1930
†Orthoceras elegantulum Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras eurekensis Walcott 1884
†Orthoceras expansum Blake 1882
†Orthoceras fluminense Meneghini 1857
+
Invalid names: Orthoceras bohemicum Barrande 1866 [synonym]
†Orthoceras geinitzi d'Orbigny 1850
†Orthoceras gradatum Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras hulli Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras kingii Meek 1877
†Orthoceras lentum Ruedemann 1906
†Orthoceras lepton Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras luhai Stumbur 1956
†Orthoceras modestum Ruedemann 1906
†Orthoceras oehlerti Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras orientale Fliegel 1901
†Orthoceras progressum Ruedemann 1906
†Orthoceras punjabiense Waagen 1879
†Orthoceras rachidium de Koninck 1863
†Orthoceras randolphensis Worthen 1882
†Orthoceras siculum Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras spissiseptum Dwight 1884
†Orthoceras submoniliforme Meneghini 1857
†Orthoceras subtriangulare Gemmellaro 1889
†Orthoceras transversum Abich 1878
†Orthoceras turritellum Abich 1878
†Orthoceras vagum Ruedemann 1906
†Orthoceras vesiculosum de Koninck 1863
†Orthoceras waageni Gemmellaro 1889
Invalid names: Orthoceratites Lamarck 1799 [nomen nudum], Orthoceros Brünnich 1771 [objective synonym]
Subfm. †Orthoceratinae McCoy 1844
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G. †Bifoveoceras Balashov 1956
G. †Orthocycloceras Barskov 1972
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†Orthocycloceras gomiense Kobayashi et al. 1984
G. †Palorthoceras Kröger et al. 2007
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†Palorthoceras buttsi Flower 1962
†Palorthoceras kayseri Kröger et al. 2007
G. †Pleurorthoceras Flower 1962
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†Pleurorthoceras organi Kröger and Aubrechtova 2017
†Pleurorthoceras selkirkense Whiteaves 1892
G. †Pojetoceras Frey 1995
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†Pojetoceras floweri Frey 1995
G. †Pseudospyroceras Kröger 2008
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G. †Striatocycloceras Kröger and Isakar 2006
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†Striatocycloceras foerstei Teichert 1930
†Striatocycloceras isbergi Kröger 2013
†Striatocycloceras obliquum d'Eichwald 1860
G. †Theoceras Kröger 2008
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†Theoceras filondouzense Kröger 2008
G. †Tibichoanoceras Kröger 2008
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†Tibichoanoceras abditum Balashov and Kiselev 1968
†Tibichoanoceras riphaeum Zhuravleva 1978
G. †Tienoceras Zhao 1954
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Invalid names: Orthocerotidae Miller and Teichert 1936 [synonym], Prohypogeophis Marcus 1945 [nomen dubium], Prohypogeophis tunariensis Marcus 1945 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Orthoceratina Dzik 1984
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Fm. †Dawsonoceratidae Flower 1962
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G. †Anaspyroceras Shimizu and Obata 1935
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†Anaspyroceras cylindricum Foerste 1932
G. †Calocyrtocerina Chen 1981
G. †Dawsonoceras Hyatt 1884
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†Dawsonoceras annulatum Sowerby 1818
†Dawsonoceras barrandei Horný 1956
†Dawsonoceras fenestratum Eichwald 1860
+
Invalid names: Dawsonoceras funiforme Angelin 1880 [synonym], Dawsonoceras porkunense Balashov and Zhuravleva 1962 [synonym]
†Dawsonoceras fimbriatum de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
†Dawsonoceras gregarium Kröger et al. 2011
†Dawsonoceras hyatti Foerste 1928
†Dawsonoceras stumburi Kröger 2013
Invalid names: Cedarvilleoceras [synonym]
G. †Dawsonocerina Horny 1956
G. †Metaspyroceras Foerste 1932
G. †Palaeodawsonocerina Kröger and Isakar 2006
+
Fm. †Eriditidae Chen in Chen et al 1981
+
G. †Allanoceras Barskov 1959
G. †Eridites Zhuravleva 1961
G. †Euvirgoceras Chen 1974
G. †Haloites Chen et al. 1981
G. †Malgaoceras Miagkova 1967
+
†Malgaoceras moniliforme Miagkova 1967
G. †Nathorstoceras Kröger 2013
+
†Nathorstoceras adnatum Kröger 2013
†Nathorstoceras bacotense Balashov 1975
Fm. †Proteoceratidae Flower 1962
+
G. †Archigeisonoceras Chen 1984
G. †Baykonuroceras Barskov 1972
G. †Clothoceras Kröger and Aubrechtová 2019
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†Clothoceras thornquisti Kröger and Aubrechtová 2019
G. †Cyrtactinoceras Hyatt in Zittel 1900
+
†Cyrtactinoceras boycii Whitfield 1886
G. †Ephippiorthoceras Foerste 1924
+
†Ephippiorthoceras dowlingi Foerste and Savage 1927
+
Invalid names: Ephippiorthoceras modestum Troedsson 1928 [synonym]
G. †Euorthoceras Foerste 1893
G. †Gangshanoceras Zou 1988
+
†Gangshanoceras villicumense Kröger et al. 2007
G. †Gorbyoceras Shimizu and Obata 1935
+
†Gorbyoceras gorbyi Miller 1894
†Gorbyoceras gracile Portlock 1843
†Gorbyoceras hammelli Foerste 1910
†Gorbyoceras tetreauense Wilson 1961
Invalid names: Hammelloceras Shimizu and Obata 1935 [synonym]
G. †Isorthoceras Flower 1962
+
†Isorthoceras albersi Miller and Faber 1894
†Isorthoceras angelini Kröger 2013
†Isorthoceras cavi Kröger and Aubrechtova 2017
†Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al. 2011
†Isorthoceras heintzi Strand 1934
†Isorthoceras heroyense Strand 1934
†Isorthoceras hudsonicum Ruedemann 1912
†Isorthoceras junceum Hall 1877
†Isorthoceras maris Kröger and Aubrechtova 2017
†Isorthoceras nikwis Kröger and Aubrechtová 2019
†Isorthoceras padisense Kröger and Aubrechtova 2017
†Isorthoceras rogersensis Foerste 1914
+
Invalid names: Treptoceras praenuntium Flower 1942 [synonym]
†Isorthoceras sociale Hall in Miller 1877
†Isorthoceras suave Angelin and Lindström 1880
†Isorthoceras subcostatum Portlock 1843
†Isorthoceras sylphide Kröger and Aubrechtová 2019
†Isorthoceras urdr Kröger and Aubrechtová 2019
†Isorthoceras vexilli Kröger and Aubrechtova 2017
G. †Liulinoceras Zou and Chen 1984
G. †Mesnaquaceras Flower 1955
+
G. †Metephippiorthoceras Zhuravleva 1957
G. †Monomuchites Wilson 1961
+
†Monomuchites costalis Wilson 1961
†Monomuchites obliquum Frey 1995
G. †Paraproteoceras Chen 1981
G. †Proteoceras Flower 1955
+
†Proteoceras perkinsi Ruedemann 1906
†Proteoceras pulchrum Flower 1955
†Proteoceras tyronensis Foerste 1912
+
Invalid names: Sactoceras josephianum Foerste 1933 [synonym]
G. †Pseudeskimoceras Shimizu and Obata 1936
G. †Pseudoliolinoceras Zou and Chen 1984
G. †Stereospyroceras Flower 1955
+
G. †Tofangoceras Kobayashi 1927
+
Invalid names: Kogenoceras Shimizu and Obata 1936 [synonym], Tofangocerina Sweet 1964 [synonym]
G. †Transorthoceras Kröger et al. 2011
+
†Transorthoceras osmundsbergense Kröger et al. 2011
G. †Treptoceras Flower 1942
+
†Treptoceras duseri Hall and Whitfield 1875
†Treptoceras fosteri Miller 1875
†Treptoceras transversum Miller 1875
+
Invalid names: Orthoceras hindei James 1878 [synonym]
†Treptoceras yokoyamai Kobayashi 1927
G. †Ulmioceras Zhuravleva 1990
Invalid names: Hammelloceratidae Shimizu and Obata 1936 [synonym]
Superfm. †Pseudorthocerataceae Sweet 1964
+
Fm. †Cyrtactinoceratidae Chen et al. 1981
+
G. †Armenocerina Chen et al. 1981
G. †Heyuncunoceras Chen et al. 1981
G. †Platysmoceras Chen et al. 1981
Fm. †Mysterioceratidae Sweet 1964
+
G. †Mysterioceras Teichert and Glenister 1953
Fm. †Songkanocerasidae Chen et al. 1981
+
G. †Songkanoceras Chen et al. 1981
Fm. †Stereoplasmoceratidae Kobayashi 1934
+
G. †Stereoplasmoceras Grabau 1922
+
G. †Stereoplasmocerina Kobayashi 1936
+
Superfm. †Pseudorthoceratoidea Flower and Caster 1935
+
Fm. †Sactoceratidae Troedsson 1926
+
G. †Sactoceras Hyatt 1884
+
†Sactoceras hadelandicum Strand 1934
†Sactoceras manitoulinense Foerste 1924
†Sactoceras piso Billings 1865
†Sactoceras tyriense Strand 1934
†Sactoceras westonense Foerste 1924
G. †Rhabdites
G. †Rhipsites
Fm. †Sactorthoceratidae Flower 1946
+
G. †Braulioceras Kröger et al. 2007
+
†Braulioceras sanjuanense Kröger et al. 2007
G. †Cartersoceras Flower 1964
+
†Cartersoceras popei Frey 1995
†Cartersoceras shideleri Flower 1964
G. †Centroonoceras Kobayashi 1934
+
†Centroonoceras tokunagai Kobayashi 1927
G. †Glenisteroceras Flower 1957
+
†Glenisteroceras obscurum Flower and Teichert 1957
G. †Leptoplatophrenoceras Chen and Zou 1984
G. †Murrayoceras Foerste 1926
+
†Murrayoceras murrayi Billings 1857
†Murrayoceras primum Flower 1955
G. †Sactorthoceras Kobayashi 1934
+
†Sactorthoceras banestanensis Dastanpour et al. 2006
†Sactorthoceras gonioseptum Kobayashi 1934
†Sactorthoceras makkolense Kobayashi 1927
+
Invalid names: Cycloceras taihakuense Kobayashi 1934 [synonym], Kawasakiceras densistriatum Kobayashi 1934 [synonym], Sactorthoceras shimamurai Kobayashi 1934 [synonym], Sigmorthoceras sigmoidale Kobayashi 1934 [synonym]
Invalid names: Kawasakiceras Kobayashi 1934 [synonym]
G. †Scipioceras Zhuravleva 1964
G. †Sigmocycloceras Kobayashi 1934
G. †Wennanoceras Chen 1976
G. †Wolungoceras Kobayashi 1931
G. †Sannionites deWaldheim 1829
Fm. †Sichuanoceratidae Zhuravleva 1978
+
G. †Neosichuanoceras Chen et al. 1981
G. †Sichuanoceras Chang 1962
+
†Sichuanoceras zizense Kröger 2008
Fm. †Sphaerorthoceratidae Ristedt 1968
+
G. †Akrosphaeorthoceras Ristedt 1968
+
G. †Akrosphaerorthoceras Ristedt 1968
+
G. †Hemicosmorthoceras Ristedt 1968
+
†Hemicosmorthoceras aichae Kröger 2008
†Hemicosmorthoceras dimidiatum Sowerby in Murchinson 1839
G. †Iwakiella Hatai et al. 1972
+
†Iwakiella ichiroi Hatai et al. 1972
G. †Parasphaerorthoceras Ristedt 1968
+
G. †Plagiostomoceras Teichert and Glenister 1952
+
†Plagiostomoceras angustum Holzapfel 1885
†Plagiostomoceras bifrons Barrande 1866
†Plagiostomoceras culter Barrande 1866
†Plagiostomoceras placidum Barrande 1868
†Plagiostomoceras thomasi Teichert and Glenister 1952
G. †Sphaerorthoceras Ristedt 1968
+
†Sphaerorthoceras beatum Ristedt 1968
G. †Subspyroceras Shimizu and Obata 1935
G. †Tretoceras Salter 1958
Fm. †Tripteroceratidae Flower 1941
+
G. †Allumettoceras Foerste 1926
+
†Allumettoceras giganteum Flower 1947
†Allumettoceras tenerum Billings 1860
G. †Eotripteroceras Flower 1943
+
†Eotripteroceras minutum Flower 1943
G. †Hadoceras Strand 1934
+
†Hadoceras septocurvatum Strand 1934
G. †Mucteoceras Miagkova 1967
+
†Mucteoceras bilobatum Miagkova 1967
G. †Rasmussenoceras Foerste 1932
+
G. †Tripteroceras Hyatt 1884
+
G. †Tripterocerina Foerste 1935
G. †Zeehanoceras Stait 1982
+
†Zeehanoceras teicherti Stait 1982
G. †Uralharuspex Ceccolini and Cianferoni 2023
+
†Uralharuspex latisiphonatus Shimansky 1968
Invalid names: Haruspex [replaced]
G. †Vericeras
Invalid names: Michelinoceratida Flower and Kummel 1950 [synonym], Orthodochmiocerataceae Chen et al. 1981 [empty], Sinoceratida Kobayashi 1958 [synonym], Sphaerortoceratidae Ristedt 1968 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragoniteo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Vision: well-developedc
Comments: Nektonic, swimming, carnivore (McKerrow, 1979).o
Created: 2005-10-06 14:35:22
Modified: 2009-04-13 11:56:59
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tulean to the top of the Berriasian or 480.80000 to 139.80000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 478.6 Ma

Collections (1463 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7China (ShanXi) Stereoplasmoceras sp. (8003)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7China (Hunan) Bactroceras sp. (7703)
Demingian485.4 - 478.6USA (New Mexico) Endorioceras rarum (88827) Metabaltoceras minutum (88945)
Stairsian485.4 - 478.6USA (New York) Orthoceras sayi, Orthoceras aristides (42799)
Gasconadian485.4 - 477.7USA (Texas) Baltoceratidae indet. (282) Microbaltoceras sp., Microbaltoceras minore (88939)
Tremadocian485.4 - 477.7Canada (Nunavut) Gorbyoceras geronticum (88918)
Tremadocian485.4 - 477.7France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Annbactroceras martyi (101705) Annbactroceras martyi, Annbactroceras felinense, Bactroceras mourguesi (101704) Cochlioceras roemeri (101706)
Early/Lower Ordovician485.4 - 470.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Polygrammoceras sp. (212927)
Tremadocian - Floian485.4 - 470.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Bactroceras mourguesi (101709 101710 101713) Cochlioceras roemeri (101707) Cochlioceras roemeri, Bactroceras mourguesi (101708)
Ordovician485.4 - 443.8Indonesia (unknown) Irianoceras antiquum (64611)
Cassinian482.3 - 470.0USA (Texas) Rhabdiferoceras sp. (88776)
Cassinian482.3 - 470.0USA (Nevada) Rhabdiferoceras annuliferum (88775)
Cassinian482.3 - 470.0USA (Vermont) Cyrtobaltoceras gracile (42793)
Cassinian482.3 - 470.0USA (New York) Cyrtobaltoceras gracile, Glenisteroceras obscurum (42798) Metabaltoceras fusiforme (42782 88944)
Tulean - Blackhillsian480.8 - 470.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Rhabdiferoceras pertinens (188702 188704 188714 188719 188725 188727 188741)
Arenigian478.6 - 468.1USA (Utah) Orthocerida indet. (64558)
Arenigian478.6 - 468.1Svalbard and Jan Mayen Bactroceras angustisiphonatum (89288)
Dawan478.6 - 468.1China (YunNan) Orthoceras sp. (7745)
Dawan478.6 - 468.1China (Hubei) Michelinoceras sp. (7727)
Dawan478.6 - 468.1China (Hunan) Bactroceras sp. (7691) Michelinoceras sp. (7692)