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Trophon
Taxonomy
Trophon was named by Montfort (1810) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio R Sepkoski's reference number: 614]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Murex (Trophon) by Toula (1911).
It was assigned to Murex by Toula (1911); to Muricinae by Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Trophoninae by Chiesa et al. (1995) and DeVries (2005); and to Muricidae by White (1889), Martin (1904), Addicott (1970), Gordillo (1991), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999) and Nielson and Valdovinos (2008).
It was reranked as Murex (Trophon) by Toula (1911).
It was assigned to Murex by Toula (1911); to Muricinae by Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Neogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Trophoninae by Chiesa et al. (1995) and DeVries (2005); and to Muricidae by White (1889), Martin (1904), Addicott (1970), Gordillo (1991), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1995), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999) and Nielson and Valdovinos (2008).
Species
T. (Trophon), T. alta, T. alveolatum, T. anceps, T. calamitus (syn. Murex vaughani), T. carringtoni, T. consociale, T. daviesi, T. dickersoni, T. disparoides, T. elegans, T. geversianum, T. gracilius, T. hypsellus, T. icosiphyllus, T. imperspicuum, T. isthmicus, T. kroteri, T. lawsoni, T. macharei, T. mangelioides, T. monotropis, T. muricatus, T. muriciformis, T. pallidus, T. patagonicus, T. paululum, T. progne, T. pseudoturtoni, T. santacrucensis, T. torquatus, T. truncatus
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1810 | Trophon Montfort |
| 1889 | Trophon White p. 451 |
| 1904 | Trophon Martin p. 202 |
| 1911 | Murex (Trophon) Toula p. 479 |
| 1970 | Trophon Addicott p. 81 |
| 1984 | Trophon Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 110 |
| 1991 | Trophon Gordillo p. 129 |
| 1995 | Trophon Chiesa et al. p. 56 |
| 1995 | Trophon Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 59 |
| 1999 | Trophon Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 50 |
| 2002 | Trophon Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Trophon DeVries p. 287 |
| 2008 | Trophon Nielson and Valdovinos p. 209 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Trophon Montfort 1810
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Subg. †Trophon (Trophon) Montfort 1810
†Trophon alta Wood 1842
†Trophon alveolatum Sowerby 1826
†Trophon anceps Tate 1888
†Trophon carringtoni Kensley and Pether 1986
†Trophon consociale Wood 1848
†Trophon daviesi Trask 1922
†Trophon dickersoni Clark 1915
†Trophon disparoides Wilckens 1912
†Trophon elegans Charlesworth 1837
†Trophon geversianum Pallas 1774
†Trophon gracilius Wood 1842
†Trophon hypsellus Tate 1888
†Trophon icosiphyllus Tate 1888
†Trophon imperspicuum Wood 1848
†Trophon isthmicus Bose 1906
Trophon kroteri Möller 1842
†Trophon lawsoni Clark 1915
†Trophon macharei DeVries 2005
†Trophon mangelioides Tate 1888
†Trophon monotropis Tate 1888
Trophon muricatus Montagu 1803
Trophon muriciformis König 1831
Trophon pallidus Broderip and Sowerby 1833
†Trophon patagonicus Sowerby 1846
†Trophon paululum Wood 1841
†Trophon progne White 1887
†Trophon pseudoturtoni Wood 1879
†Trophon santacrucensis Ihering 1897
†Trophon torquatus Tate 1888
Trophon truncatus Ström 1768
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Santonian to the top of the Holocene or 86.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.6 Ma
Collections (103 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Santonian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | T. umzambiensis (47109) | |
| Danian | USA (Alabama) | T. sp. (83297) | |
| Thanetian | Trinidad and Tobago | T. progne (80170) | |
| Thanetian | USA (Alabama) | T. sp. (90141) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Alabama) | T. caudatoides (98390) | |
| Middle Eocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | T. sp. (43753) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Washington) | T. calamitus (40733) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Washington) | Murex vaughani (4900) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Argentina | T. lacinatus (71595) T. santacrucensis (71402) T. sp. (66146) | |
| Oligocene | Argentina (Santa Curz) | T. santacruzensis (48067) | |
| Oligocene - Pliocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. patagonicus (50076) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. santacruzensis (48068) | |
| Chattian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | T. sp. (205658) | |
| Chattian | USA (California) | T. sp. (52417 52418) | |
| Aquitanian | Argentina | Fusus patagonicus (45887) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina | T. santacrucensis (71403 71428 71429 71430 71539 71540 71542 185967) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (California) | T. sp. (238169) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Chile | T. patagonicus (78429) T. sp., T. patagonicus (78425) | |
| Burdigalian | Italy | T. bredai (178108) | |
| Burdigalian | Argentina | T. patagonicus (65179 65185) T. sp. (65178) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | T. gillulyi (59074) | |
| Middle Miocene | Argentina | T. santacrucensis (71426) | |
| Tortonian | Argentina | T. geversianus (41478) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Mexico (Veracruz) | T. isthmicus (59282) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Argentina (Chubut) | T. harringtoni, T. piramidensis (42146) T. leanzai, T. plicatus, T. cortatus, T. retrorsum, T. vokesae, T. broggii (42149) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (South Australia) | T. goldsteini, T. metungensis (63432) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | USA (California) | T. sp. (208580) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Chile | T. sp. (78555) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Peru | T. carlosmartini (89174) T. macharei (80527) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | T. ecuadorius (60772) | |
| Zanclean | United Kingdom (England) | T. altum (84762) T. alveolatum (84763) T. imperspicuum (84992) T. muricatum, T. gracilius, T. paululum (84755) | |
| Pliocene | Antarctica | T. disparoides (41576) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | T. lepidota (41749) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Chile | T. covacevichi (79211) T. covacevichi, T. huilliche (79207) T. covacevichi, T. vetulus (79209) T. huilliche, T. covacevichi (79204) T. parcus (79201) T. vetulus (79206 79213) T. vetulus, T. covacevichi (79208) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | United Kingdom (England) | T. altum (84761) T. alveolatum (84759 84797) T. consocialis, T. muricatum (84764) T. costifer, T. olavii, T. muricatus, T. elegans (84819) T. kroteri (84758) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | South Africa (Western Cape) | T. carringtoni (118318) | |
| Piacenzian | Belgium | T. muricatus, Atractodon elegans (179048 179079) | |
| Gelasian | United Kingdom (England) | T. pseudoturtoni (84757) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Chile | T. geversianus (89241) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Antarctica | T. sp. (48434) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | T. lepidota (41497 41501 79331) | |
| Ionian | Argentina | T. geversianus (71612) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Greenland | T. truncatus (75179 75200) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Argentina | T. varians, T. geversianus (71606) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | T. macouni (222979) T. pacificus (96894 222998) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Argentina | T. varians (71607 71610) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Peru (Moquegua) | T. peruvianus (43708) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greenland (Disko Island) | T. truncatus (227045 227046) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Greenland | T. truncatus (227028 227030 227031) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Peru | T. peruvianus (76643) | |
| Holocene | Greenland | T. truncatus (75212 75217 75220) | |
| Holocene | Argentina | Fuegotrophon pallidus (71603) Fuegotrophon pallidus, T. geversianus (71602) T. geversianus (65818 65819 65820 65821) T. muriciformis, T. geversianus (65823) T. sp. (162173) T. varians, T. geversianus (71674 71675) |