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Muntiacini

Mammalia - Cervidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1923Muntiacini Pockock
2000Muntiacini Grubb p. 302
2003Muntiacinae Dong et al. p. 485
2003Muntiacini Hassanin and Douzery p. 223
2008Muntiacinae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 5
2020Muntiacini Heckeberg

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
superfamilyCervoidea
familyCervidae
subfamilyCervinaeGoldfuss 1820
tribeMuntiaciniPockock 1923
tribeMuntiaciniPockock 1923

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Muntiacini Pockock 1923
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G. Elaphodus Milne-Edwards 1872
+
Elaphodus cephalophus Milne-Edwards 1872
G. †Eostylocerus Zdansky 1925
+
†Eostylocerus blainvillei Zdansky 1925
†Eostylocerus hezhengensis Deng et al. 2014
†Eostylocerus triangularis Zdansky 1925
G. †Euprox Stehlin 1928
+
†Euprox altus Wang and Zhang 2011
†Euprox furcatus Hensel 1859
†Euprox grandis Hou 2015
†Euprox robustus Dong et al. 2003
G. Megamuntiacus Tuoc et al. 1994
+
Megamuntiacus vuquangensis Tuoc et al. 1994
G. Muntiacus Rafinesque 1815 [muntjak]
+
Muntiacus atherodes Groves and Grubb 1982 [Bornean yellow muntjac]
†Muntiacus bohlini Teilhard de Chardin 1940
Muntiacus crinifrons Sclater 1885
Muntiacus feae Thomas and Doria 1889 [Fea's muntjac]
†Muntiacus fenghoensis Chow 1956
Muntiacus gongshanensis Ma 1990 [Gongshan muntjac]
†Muntiacus lacustris Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert 1937
†Muntiacus leilaoensis Dong et al. 2004
Muntiacus montanus Robinson and Kloss 1918 [Sumatran muntjac]
Muntiacus moschatus Blainville 1816
Muntiacus muntjak Rafinesque 1815
†Muntiacus nanus Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert 1937
Muntiacus puhoatensis Trai 1997 [Puhoat muntjac]
Muntiacus putaoensis Amato et al. 1999 [leaf deer]
Muntiacus reevesi Ogliby 1839
Muntiacus rooseveltorum Osgood 1932 [Roosevelt's muntjac]
Muntiacus truongsonensis Giao and Tuoc 1998 [Truong Son muntjac]
Muntiacus vuquangensis Tuoc et al. 1994 [Large-antlered muntjac]
†Muntiacus zhaotongensis Dong et al. 2014
Invalid names: Cervulus de Blainville 1816 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:03:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 4 to the top of the Holocene or 16.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma

Collections (91 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333France Euprox furcatus (200296)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Austria Euprox furcatus (63085)
MN 416.9 - 15.97Spain (Catalonia) Euprox minimus (176265)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Bayern) Euprox sp. (44977 45599 45612)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Poland (Silesia) Euprox furcatus (42588 42595 42596)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) Euprox furcatus (190754)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Nei Mongol) Euprox altus (230437)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Austria (Carinthia) Euprox furcatus (34606)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333Spain (Catalonia) Euprox sp. (199537)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333China (Nei Mongol) Euprox sp. (28781)
MN 613.65 - 12.75Germany (Bayern) Euprox sp. (45610 45614)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Switzerland (Baselland) Euprox furcatus (49421)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Spain Euprox sp. (70806)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Spain (Cataluña) Euprox furcatus (92640)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Russian Federation (Adygea) Euprox sp. (207770)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246China (Yunnan) Muntiacus sp., Muntiacus nanus (11798)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Germany (Bavaria) Muntiacini indet., Euprox furcatus (206345)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Catalonia) Euprox dicranocerus (176268) Euprox sp. (38975)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Segovia) Euprox dicranoceros (40768)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Gansu) Eostylocerus hezhengensis (230430) Euprox grandis (230438) Muntiacus indet. (236747)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Qinghai) Muntiacus noringenensis (230324)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Italy (Cuneo) Euprox sp. (175903)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Yunnan) Euprox robustus (78223 78224 78225) Muntiacus zhaotongensis (230332)
Baodean11.1 - 4.9China (Yunnan) Muntiacus leilaoensis (127187) Muntiacus sp. (183982)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333China (Yunnan) Muntiacus sp. (44219 44220 44221 44222 44224) Muntiacus sp., Muntiacus nanus (44223)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333China (Gansu) Muntiacus lacustris (42675)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Piedmont) Euprox sp. (172910 172914 172915 172916 199859 199860)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Moldova Eostylocerus sp., Muntjaccus sp., Muntjaccus pliocaenicus (198590)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588China (Henan) Muntiacus lacustris (46194)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Romania Muntiacus polonicus (39627)
MN 144.9 - 4.2Ukraine Muntiacus pliocaenicus (50908)
Villanyian3.2 - 2.588Slovakia Muntiacus sp. (41027)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) Muntiacus lacustris (214689)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Guangxi) Muntiacus sp. (230325)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Yunnan) Muntiacus sp. (78193)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Anhui) Muntiacus nanus (68380)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Guanxi) Muntiacus lacustris (230994)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Indonesia Muntiacus muntjak (93520 93522)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Hunan) Muntiacus sp. (36819)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Taiwan (N/A) Muntiacus sp., Muntiacus bohlini (208978)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117India (Madras) Muntiacus muntjak (228955)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117India (West Bengal) Muntiacus muntjak (238025)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117China (Jiangxi) Muntiacus sp. (35923)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117China (Yunnan) Muntiacus lacustris (36587) Muntiacus nanus (36583)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Muntiacus muntjak (237787)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Hubei) Muntiacus sp. (234753)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Indonesia (Jawa Timur) Muntiacus muntjak (93521)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guangxi) Muntiacus sp. (235740)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Malaysia (Perak) Muntiacus muntjak (235742)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Vietnam (Lang Son) Muntiacus muntjac (92781)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guizhou) Muntiacus sp. (51100)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guangdong) Muntiacus muntjak (120834) Muntiacus sp. (40341)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Laos (Hua Pan) Muntiacus muntjak (235746)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117China (Guangdong) Muntiacus reevesi (13293)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Taiwan Muntiacus sp. (223322)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117China (Guangxi) Muntiacus sp. (235737)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117China (Hubei) Muntiacus muntjak, Muntiacus reevesi, Elaphodus cephalophus (92787)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Thailand Muntiacus muntjak (176213 176214)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117India Muntiacus muntjak (224310)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117China (Sichuan) Muntiacus muntiacus (34679)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Muntiacus sp. (237788)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Malaysia (Selangor) Muntiacus muntjak (235743)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Indonesia Muntiacus muntjak (93524)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Vietnam Muntiacus muntjak (32904)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Indonesia (Java) Muntiacus muntjak (13738)