Ashley River (Miocene Marl) (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Dorchester County, South Carolina (33.1° N, 80.4° W)

• Paleocoordinates: 35.0° N, 74.5° W (Wright 2013)

• coordinate based on political unit

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Miocene (23.0 - 5.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: marine; marl

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by Bowman

Collection methods: surface (float), surface (in situ),

Primary reference: R. W. Gibbes. 1851. Memoir on Mosasaurus and the three allied new genera, Holcodus, Conosaurus, and Amphorosteus. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 2(5):1-13 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 18506: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 15.05.2002, edited by Mark Uhen, Matthew Carrano and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• although only this specimen is specifically assigned to the Miocene marl, other parts of the fauna including Gomphotherium and Teleoceras may belong to it
Show authors, comments, and common names
Chondrichthyes
 Odontaspidida - Isuridae
Oxyrhina praecursor8
Oxyrhina praecursor8 Leriche 1942 mackerel shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo aduncus8
Galeocerdo aduncus8 Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna americana n. sp.8
Sphyrna americana n. sp.8 Leriche 1942 hammerhead shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Prionodon egertoni8
Prionodon egertoni8 Agassiz 1843 blue shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis serra8
Hemipristis serra8 Agassiz 1835 ground shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Oxyrhina retroflexa" = Isurus retroflexus8, "Oxyrhina hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis8
"Oxyrhina retroflexa" = Isurus retroflexus8 Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark
"Oxyrhina hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis8 Agassiz 1838 white shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Carcharodon angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens8, "Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon8
"Carcharodon angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens8 Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark
"Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon8 Agassiz 1835 megalodon
 Lamniformes - Alopiidae
"Alopecias grandis" = Alopias grandis8
"Alopecias grandis" = Alopias grandis8 Leriche 1942 thresher shark
 Orectolobiformes - Orectolobidae
Gryphodobatis uncus8
Gryphodobatis uncus8 Leidy 1877 wobbegong
 Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae
"Ginglymostoma serra" = Nebrius serra8
"Ginglymostoma serra" = Nebrius serra8 Leidy 1877 nurse shark
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
"Notidanus primigenius" = Notorhynchus primigenius8
"Notidanus primigenius" = Notorhynchus primigenius8 Agassiz 1835 sevengill shark
 Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis ensidens8
Pristis ensidens8 Leidy 1855 sawfish
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis magister8, Myliobatis gigas8
Myliobatis magister8 Leidy 1876 eagle ray
Myliobatis gigas8 Cope 1868 eagle ray
 Myliobatiformes - Rhinopteridae
"Rhinoptera dubia" = Rhinoptera dubius8
"Rhinoptera dubia" = Rhinoptera dubius8 Leidy 1855 cownose ray
Mammalia
 Carnivora -
"Phoca modesta n. sp." = Squalodon modesta5
"Phoca modesta n. sp." = Squalodon modesta5 Leidy 1869 pinniped
 Cetacea - Eurhinodelphinidae
Ceterhinops longifrons n. gen. n. sp.7
Ceterhinops longifrons n. gen. n. sp.7 Leidy 1877 toothed whale
Sanders (2002) asserts that this specimen is from the Pliocene Goose Creek Limestone, but this seems unlikely.
 Cetacea -
Dinoziphius carolinensis n. sp.7, Phoca debilis n. sp.4, Squalodon pelagius n. sp.5, Squalodon crassus n. sp.1
Dinoziphius carolinensis n. sp.7 Leidy 1877 toothed whale
Phoca debilis n. sp.4 Leidy 1857 toothed whale
Squalodon pelagius n. sp.5 Leidy 1869 toothed whale
Squalodon crassus n. sp.1 Allen 1926 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Ziphiidae
"Proroziphius macrops n. sp." = Choneziphius macrops6
"Proroziphius macrops n. sp." = Choneziphius macrops6 Leidy 1876 beaked whale
Aves
 Pelecaniformes - Cyphornithidae
"? Palaeochenoides mioceanus" = Palaeochenoides miocaenus3
"? Palaeochenoides mioceanus" = Palaeochenoides miocaenus3 Schufeldt 1916 bird
Reptilia
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx sp.7
Trionyx sp.7 Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle
I have repeatedly seen small fragments of the bony shell of species of Trionyx, from the Ashley deposits, but too small to determine from them any important specific character
 Testudines -
Eupachemys obtusus n. gen. n. sp.7
Eupachemys obtusus n. gen. n. sp.7 Leidy 1877 turtle
Prof. Holmes has submitted to my examination a specimen, probably pertaining to the same species as the latter, from the Ashley River, in the vicinity of Charles- ton. It consists of a marginal bone, represented in figures 4, 5, PI. xxxiv., half the natural size
Actinopteri
 Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Diodon vetus8
Diodon vetus8 Leidy 1855
 Labriformes - Labridae
Labrodon carolinensis8
 Crossognathiformes - Pachyrhizodontidae
Conosaurus bowmani n. gen. n. sp.
Conosaurus bowmani n. gen. n. sp. Gibbes 1851
Osteichthyes
  -
Cyclotomodon vagrans n. gen. n. sp.2
Cyclotomodon vagrans n. gen. n. sp.2 Cope 1876 bony fish
1Allen 1926; 2Cope 1876; 3Hopson 1964; 4Leidy 1857; 5Leidy 1869; 6Leidy 1876; 7Leidy 1877; 8Leriche 1942