El Breal de Orocual 2 (Pliocene to of Venezuela)

Also known as ORS-16 pit, ORS16

Where: Monagas, Venezuela (9.8° N, 63.3° W)

• Paleocoordinates: 10.0° N, 62.8° W (Wright 2013)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Mesa Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene to Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• The Mesa Formation is early to middle Pleistocene age, based on thermoluminescence dates of 0.5 to 1.0 Ma (Carbón et al., 1992).

•The faunal assemblage from ORS16 suggests a probably late Pliocene- early Pleistocene age (Rincón et al., 2009; Rincón et al., 2011)

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-deltaic; lithology not reported and tar

• The faunal assemblage suggests that the El Breal de Orocual paleoenvironment were savannahs.
• This deposit has been interpreted as a tar seep deposit lying in the Mesa Formation (Hackley et al., 2006), a unit that consists of fluvio-deltaic strata.

Size class: mesofossils

Collection methods: Museum repositories: Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas

Primary reference: E. C. Holanda and A. D. Rincon. 2012. Tapirs from the Pleistocene of Venezuela. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53(3):463-473 [C. Jaramillo/M. Vallejo/A. Cardenas ]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 147081: authorized by Carlos Jaramillo, entered by Maria Vallejo on 05.07.2013, edited by Miranta Kouvari and Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Carnivora - Canidae
Protocyon orocualensis n. sp.3 Ruiz-Ramoni et al. 2022 canine
Holotype: OR 1332, right and left hemimandibles; previously recorded as Canis sp. and cf. Protocyon sp. in Rincón et al. 2007 and Rincón et al. 2009, respectively
Theriodictis sp.3 Mercerat 1891 canine
OR 1337
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus sp. Brisson 1762 tapir
OR1369; OR1367
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Tayassu pecari1 Link 1795 white-lipped peccary
Reptilia
 Squamata - Boidae
Boa constrictor2 Linnaeus 1758 boa
Two almost complete anterior trunk vertebrae (IVIC OR-2623 and IVIC OR-2620), an artic- ulated sequence of six mid-trunk vertebrae (IVIC OR- 6445) and two almost complete posterior trunk vertebrae (IVIC OR-3674 and IVIC OR-6107).